a comprehensive and integrated study of any supply chain (sc) environment is a vital requirement that can create various advantages for the sc owners. this consideration causes productive managing of the sc through its whole wide components from upstream suppliers to downstream retailers and customers.  on this issue, despite many valuable studies reported in the current literature, considerabl...

the inventory routing problem (irp) arises in the context of vendor-managed systems. this problem addresses jointly solving an inventory management problem and a vehicle routing problem. in this paper, we consider a multi-depot multi-vehicle inventory routing problem in which suppliers produce one type of product to be delivered to customers during a finite time horizon. we propose a two-phase ...

a bstract   background: midwifery profession is required to bring solutions to problems and a midwife is expected to be an assertive person and to develop midwifery care. this study was planned to examine the relationship between assertiveness and problem‑solving skills of midwives.   materials and methods: this cross‑sectional study was conducted with 201 midwives between july 2008 and februar...

Vendor managed resupply is an emerging trend in logistics and refers to a situation in which a supplier manages the inventory replenishment of its customers. Vendors save on distribution cost by being able to better coordinate deliveries to different customers, and customers do not have to dedicate resources to inventory management anymore. We present and discuss the inventory routing problem. ...

Reinforcement Learning (RL) can solve practical sequential decision problems, even when structures of the problems are less understood. However, some sequential decision problems intrinsically have structural parts that are easily to formulate and distinguish from less understood parts. Exploiting this knowledge may help improve performance of RL. This study proposed and investigated an approac...

In this paper, we consider the batch arrival of customers to a transport station. Customers belonging each category is considered as single entity according BMMAP. An Erlang clock order m starts ticking when vessel reaches When Lth stage reached, an for next placed. The lead time follows exponential distribution. There are two types rooms in system: waiting and service station vessel, respectiv...