it is now well documented that interferon gamma (ifn-γ) is the indispensable cytokine for inducing protective immunity against experimental and human cutaneous leishmaniaisis. the importance of ifn-γ receptor (ifn-γr) has also been studied. in the present study, we made attempts to find out whether l. major infection is able to alter the expression of ifn-γr in vivo. in addition, we studied the...

Background: Euphorbia plants are traditionally used in folk medicine for infections, inflammation, and cancer. Objectives: To investigate the effects of the butanolic extracts of Euphorbia micorociadia and Euphorbia osyridea on specific transcription factors and cytokines expression of T cell subsets. Methods: Activated mouse splenocytes were cultured in the presence of non-cytotoxic concentrat...

we have reviewed the medical records of 40 patients with disseminated (bacille calmette-guerin) bcg from 1996 to 1999 in the immunology department of the children hospital, medical center, tehran university. these patients are divided in to 3 groups: 1. patients who had disseminated (bacille calmette-guerin) bcg after vaccination and their diagnosis was chronic granulomatous disease. 2. patient...

background and aims: chronic hbv infection is one of the most common viral infections in worldwide which many factors such as genetic factors are involved in pathogenesis of disease. gamma interferon (ifn-γ) and its receptor (infgr) play a critical role in the immune response to hbv infection. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are effective on level of gene expression, the aim of this stud...

Background & Objective: Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent bacterial zoonotic diseases which afflicts both humans and animals. Genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to brucellosis. One of these factors is interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which is vital in the defense mechanism against infectious diseases such as brucellosis. The purpose of this study was to ev...

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a Th1-type cytokine. The study of the IFNγ system and its receptor is essential for increasing the efficacy of this drug for clinical settings. Here we describe the role of IFNγ and its receptor on the physiopathology of disorders involving the immune system. Several molecular forms of IFNGR1, from 84 to 13 kDa, and soluble receptor (60-67 kDa) with the capacity to bi...

Interleukin (IL)-15 is a pleiotropic immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic cytokine. It stimulates the proliferation survival of key immunocytes including macrophages (MACs) invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which are immunoinhibitory via IL-10 release clinically relevant in interferon gamma (IFNγ)-mediated inflammatory skin diseases such as alopecia areata. Using immunofluorescence micros...

Cytokines, growth factors, and other locally produced mediators play key roles in the regulation of disease progression. During liver fibrosis, these mediators orchestrate the balance between pro- and antifibrotic activities as exerted by the hepatic cells. Two important players in this respect are the profibrotic mediator platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and the antifibrotic cytokin...

M2 muscarinic receptors are expressed on both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve endings where they function as autoinhibitory receptors to limit release of acetylcholine and norepinephrine, respectively. M2 muscarinic receptor expression on parasympathetic nerves is decreased by viral infection and by gamma-interferon (IFNγ) and increased by dexamethasone; and these effects are of clinical ...