the promotion of oil and gas industry of a country or region requires foreign and longterm investments. ensuring demand security constitutes one of the major driving forces for promoting investments in oil and gas sectors. our main question is to understand the upcoming energy demand security in the caspian markets. just like supply security, energy demand security cannot be affected mainly by ...

natural gas is one of the hydrocarbon resources which is consumed vastly in the world. the asian and european markets, facing with a growing demand of hydrocarbon resources especially natural gas, are the most important consuming markets. hence, the security of natural gas supply is very important. based on the estimation of gas supply security index (gssi), the amount of vulnerability of selec...

The relationship between financial development and economic growth has been studied long time in economics (Adam Smith and Schumpeter). Structural reforms and the integration of financial markets have been attracting the interest of the academic community. This manuscript examines the link between financial development and economic growth. The European Union Countries (EU-27), and BRIC (Brazil,...

Multinational companies from emerging economies are becoming significant players in the globalized world economy. As the volume of foreign direct investment from emerging economies is rising, and emerging multinationals increasingly seek access to markets and assets in advanced developed economies, the host governments feel the need to define their responses and policies. The European Union is ...

In this paper, we test the real interest parity, uncovered interest parity, and purchasing power parity (PPP) for China against the US, European Union, the UK, and Japan. The real interest parity is an aggregate measure of economic integration, which can be decomposed into the integration of two major markets: the financial market and the goods market. The integration of each market can be furt...

The global economy of today, boosted by propagation of e-commerce, has elevated the privacy and security issues to a worldwide platform. E-commerce growth is strongest in the US and the European Union. Recently India and China have also become significant players in the global commercial setting. This research is exploratory in nature and attempts to examine privacy protection practices in the ...

By exploring the export performances and specialization patterns of China and India, we assess their trade competitiveness and complementarity vis-à-vis each other as well as with the rest of the world. Our analysis indicates that (i) India faces tough competition from China in the third markets especially in clothing, textile and leather products; (ii) there is a moderate potential for expandi...

The paper presents a brief description of the practical research approaches adopted for technology diffusion in the rural markets. Research also highlights an evolution in rural regions’ socio-economic and technological culture due to the introduction of technology. Based on this viewpoint, adaptation of a user-centred approach to introduce information technology to rural regions is discussed. ...