in his mushkilat al-hadith, yahya muhammad denies knowledge and innocence of shiite imams through presenting such proofs as the way companions of later shiite imams dealt with the issue of imama, formation of various shi‘a sects, perplexity and dispute of shiites as to imama of the next imam in every era, not presenting al-kafi to four vicegerents of the twelfth imam, and lack of belief in the ...

a branch of the question of holy imams’ knowledge is sources of their knowledge. knowledge of sources of imams’ knowledge is a clear criterion for kind of encountering their words. in hadiths, a writing called al-jami‘a, sometimes named al-sahifa, is considered among sources of imams’ knowledge. along with “thousand doors of knowledge,” al-jami‘a is one of imam ali’s two main sources of knowled...

BACKGROUND Muslims comprise 4.8% of the national population in the UK and also form a significant proportion of its ethnic minority population, with trends set to continue for the foreseeable future. With ethnic minority health inequalities deepening further, there is an apparent lack of strategies to effectively tackle this growing problem. Imams, Muslim religious leaders, represent a hitherto...

throughout history there have always been debates and disagreements concerning the limits of the attributes of the purified imams (a.s.), whether within the shī‘ī circles or outside them. perhaps the most controversial of them has been the book published in recent years entitled, maktab dar farāyand-i takāmul (school in the process of evolution). in this research, with a critical review of the ...

there are hadiths whose understanding and accepting would become possible not merely through observing principles of communication and not for everybody, but rather for specific addresses who are endowed with specific degree of knowledge. such hadiths, which are narrated in shiite collections of hadiths in a variety of forms and by various chains of transmission, are entitled “difficult and com...