One of the most potent pro-fibrotic cytokines is transforming growth factor (TGFβ). TGFβ is involved in the activation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, resulting in the hallmark of fibrosis: the pathological accumulation of collagen. Interleukin-1β (IL1β) can influence the severity of fibrosis, however much less is known about the direct effects on fibroblasts. Using lung and dermal fibrobla...

OBJECTIVE Interleukin 1 Receptor 1 (IL1R1) and its ligand, IL1β, are upregulated in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and infection. Previously, we reported a higher level of IL1R1 transcripts in platelets from obese individuals of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), but its functional effect in platelets has never been described. Additionally, IL1β levels are increased in atherosclerotic plaques ...

RESULTS: In vivo, Fmod mouse wounds representing a lost-of-function model presented markedly increased myofibroblasts after wound closure compared with wild-type (WT) controls. Intradermal injection of FMOD representing gain-of-function models led to significantly decreased myofibroblast accumulation in the wound areas of multiple animal species, including WT mice and Fmod mice, rats and pigs w...

Inflammation is necessary for defense against pathogens, but chronic inflammation can promote tumor growth and enable tumors to escape from immune-mediated destruction. Recently, we demonstrated that deficiency of IL1β favors antitumor immunity, multiple clinical trials involving antibody mediated blockade in cancers are underway. We showed IL1α signaling was required blockade-induced leading t...

OBJECTIVE Human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBM-MSC) are being applied in tissue regeneration and treatment of autoimmune diseases (AD). Their cellular and immunophenotype depend on isolation and culture conditions which may influence their therapeutic application and reflect their in vivo biological functions. We have further characterised the phenotype induced by fibroblast growth ...

Progranulin (PGRN) is a recently identified adipokine that is supposed to have anti-inflammatory actions. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL1β) stimulates several mediators of cartilage degradation. Toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) can bind to various damage-associated molecular patterns, leading to inflammatory condition. So far, no data exist of PGRN effects in inflammatory conditions...

Inflammation is necessary for immune defense against pathogens and a functional antitumor response, but chronic inflammation promotes tumor growth enables tumors to escape from immune-mediated destruction. Recently, we others demonstrated that deficiency of IL1β strongly favors immunity, multiple clinical trials involving antibody mediated blockade in cancers are underway. The mechanism, howeve...

Degeneration of the lumbar intervertebral discs is strongly implicated as a cause of low back pain, and may also lead to impaired mobility. A lack of understanding of the pathomechanisms that underlie degeneration limits our ability to develop biological treatments that both alleviate painful symptoms and restore function. The process of degeneration is characterized by up-regulation of pro-inf...

Introduction. Hepatic inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. S-[6]-Gingerol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. Important inflammatory mediators of interleukins include nuclear factor κ B (NF κ B) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). We now explore the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effects of S-[6]-gingerol ...

250 Word Limit) Objective: Interleukin-1 beta (IL1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that mediates arthritic pathologies. Our objective was to evaluate pain and limb dysfunction resulting from IL1β overexpression in the rat knee and investigate the ability of local IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) delivery to reverse associated pathology. Design: IL1β over-expression was induced in the right knee...