There is evidence of crucial central nervous system involvement in the pathogenesis of mineralocorticoid-excess salt hypertension, as well as data indicating that corticosterone is the predominant ligand for the type I adrenocorticoid receptor in the brain. Miniosmotic pumps were used to deliver artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), aldosterone (10 ng/h), corticosterone (10 or 20 ng/h), aldoste...

BACKGROUND Correcting volumetric measurements of brain structures for intracranial volume (ICV) is important in comparing volumes across subjects with different ICV. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intracranial area (ICA) reliably predicts actual ICV in a healthy pediatric cohort and in children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE). METHODS T1-weighted volumetric MRI was ...

To date, there is no consensus whether sexual dimorphism in the size of neuroanatomical structures exists, or if such differences are caused by choice of intracranial volume (ICV) correction method. When investigating volume differences in neuroanatomical structures, corrections for variation in ICV are used. Commonly applied methods are the ICV-proportions, ICV-residuals and ICV as a covariate...

In this paper we provide insight into the empirical properties of indirect crossvalidation (ICV), a new method of bandwidth selection for kernel density estimators. First, we describe the method and report on the theoretical results used to develop a practical-purpose model for certain ICV parameters. Next, we provide a detailed description of a numerical study which shows that the ICV method u...

AIM To explore the relationship between colonic secretory function and colonic motility. METHODS Using a rat model chronically implanted with intracerebroventricular (ICV) and cecal catheters, we validated the correlation between colonic secretion and colonic motor functions, as well as the role of ICV injection volume. RESULTS Compared to saline controls (5 μL/rat), ICV acyl ghrelin at 1 n...

In brain volumetric studies, intracranial volume (ICV) is often used as an estimate of pre-morbid brain size as well as to compensate for inter-subject variations in head size. However, if the estimated ICV is biased by for example gender or atrophy, it could introduce errors in study results. To evaluate how two commonly used methods for ICV estimation perform, computer assisted reference segm...

Using 1H-MRS, we evaluated the effects of growth hormone (GH) as a caspase inhibitor on hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal rat brains. The right common carotid arteries of rats were ligated, allowed to recover for 3 hr, and exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 hr. GH was given just prior to HI insult and animals were divided into four groups: control, intracerebroventricular (ICV), intracerebroventricul...

Intelligent Connected Vehicles (ICV) are reshaping the pattern of traditional automobile industry, and they have gradually become strategic direction more countries. The test field demonstration zones, as important bridges linking technology side market ICV, crucial in development its industry. At same time, integrated construction zones also provides a platform for collaborative innovation In ...

The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) against ICV STZ-induced oxidative damage in the rat striatum. Animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 each). Group 1 (Sham), were injected ICV on day 1 and 3 with artificial CSF and treated with normal saline (2 ml/kg, p.o.). Group 2 (sham+GA), were injected ICV on day 1 and 3 with artificial CSF and treate...

BACKGROUND intracranial volume (ICV) is commonly used as a marker of premorbid brain size in neuroimaging studies as it is thought to remain fixed throughout adulthood. However, inner skull table thickening would encroach on ICV and could mask actual brain atrophy. OBJECTIVE we investigated the effect that thickening might have on the associations between brain atrophy and cognition. METHOD...