atherosclerosis is the most common cause of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. various risk factors have been identified for atherosclerosis. recently, bacterial and viral organisms, which are involved in chronic inflammatory processes, have been also implicated in atherosclerosis development. individuals with a prior history of periodontal diseases and/or tooth loss are considered to be...

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context celiac disease (cd) is defined as a permanent intolerance to ingested gluten. the intolerance to gluten results in immune-mediated damage of small intestine mucosa manifested by villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia. these abnormalities resolve with initiationa gluten-free diet. evidence acquisition pubmed, ovid, and google were searched for full text articles published between 1963 and...

background : there is an association   of celiac disease (cd) with several gastrointestinal illnesses. we aimed to determine   the prevalence of cd in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) to evaluate the value of the routine serological tests for cd in these patients. methods : patients with ibd underwent   screening test for cd. the screening test was based on iga anti-ttg antibody e...

one of the most important summary measures of population health, is disability adjusted life years (daly), introduced for the first time in the project of global burden of disease (gbd), that is the newest as well as the most accepted and familial summary measure of health and the burden of diseases has been measured by this measure at national and regional levels in many countries of the world...

after alzheimer disease, parkinson disease (pd) is considered the most common neurodegenerative disease. its prevalence is the same in all area but it is common in males than females. from every 100 persons who are above 60 years old, one of them has pd. also 5-10% of patients are less than 40 years old. this progressive neuroinflammation disease isn’t fatal. in 60% of cases is with depression....