Herbicide safeners increase herbicide tolerance in cereals but not in dicotyledenous crops. The reason(s) for this difference in safening is unknown. However, safener-induced protection in cereals is associated with increased expression of herbicide detoxifying enzymes, including glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings growing in liquid medium with various safeners...

Herbicide safeners, formerly referred to as herbicide antidotes, are chemical agents that increase the tolerance of monocotyledonous cereal plants to herbicides without affecting the weed control effectiveness. The use of safeners offer several benefits to agricultural weed control. Safeners may allow: (1) the selective chemical control of weeds in botanically related crops; (2) the use of nons...

Herbicide safeners are chemicals used for manipulating the tolerance of large-seeded grass crops to selected soil-applied herbicides. The physiological interactions of herbicides and their respective safeners are characterized by the following facts: a) safeners are most effective when applied prior to or simultaneously with the herbicides whose injury they prevent; b) safeners exhibit a high d...

Herbicide safeners are a series of agrochemicals that can selectively protect crop plants from herbicide injury without affecting herbicidal efficacy. Understanding mechanisms by which act is significant for discovery novel types. Safeners primarily alleviate phytotoxicity to via several actions: (i) enhancing metabolism herbicides in crops; (ii) absorption and transportation (iii) competitivel...

Herbicides are currently pivotal to control weeds and sustain food security. Herbicides must efficiently kill weeds while being as harmless as possible for crops, even crops taxonomically close to weeds. To increase their selectivity toward crops, some herbicides are sprayed in association with safeners that are bioactive compounds exacerbating herbicide-degrading pathways reputedly specificall...

Ferenc Dutka Department for Pesticide Research, Central Research Institute for Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 17, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary Z. Naturforsch. 46c, 805 — 809 (1991); received March 26, 1991 Safeners, Prosafeners, Acetals, Ketals, MG-191 Acetals and ketals involving a dichloromethyl group on their central carbon atom were found to be active or highly active as saf...

Plants are frequently exposed to natural and synthetic toxins such as heavy metals, allelochemicals, organic pollutants, and pesticides. Consequently, plants must mount specific and coordinated defense mechanisms for survival under adverse growing conditions (Zhang et al., 2007). One such mechanism is the capability for metabolizing organic compounds from abiotic origin (xenobiotics). Extensive...

By learning lessons from weed science we have adopted three approaches to make plants more effective in phytoremediation: (1) The application of functional genomics to identify key components involved in the detoxification of, or tolerance to, xenobiotics for use in subsequent genetic engineering/breeding programmes. (2) The rational metabolic engineering of plants through the use of forced evo...

The concept o f using chemical safeners to improve herbicide selectivity became widely known in 1969 with the introduction o f naphthalic anhydride (N A ) to improve the tolerance o f maize to thiocarbamate herbicides. Soon thereafter dichlormid was also developed as a safener for thiocarbamates in maize. At present there are at least eight different chemical safeners that have been developed c...