Macrophages from A/J and BALB/c mice were more susceptible to Coxiella burnetii phase II infection than were those from C57BL/6, C57BL/10, B10.A, C3H/HePas, and Swiss mice. Resistant macrophages effectively controlled the development of large replication vacuoles (LRVs), which accounted for the restriction of bacterial multiplication within the cultures. However, compared to fibroblasts, all ma...

Initial host defense to bacterial infection is executed by innate immunity, and therefore the main goal of this study was to examine the contribution of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) during Brucella abortus infection. CHO reporter cell lines transfected with CD14 and TLRs showed that B. abortus triggers both TLR2 and TLR4. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipid A derived from Brucella rou...

BACKGROUND Studies on the role of neutrophils in Leishmania infection were mainly performed with L. (L) major, whereas less information is available for L. (L) amazonensis. Previous results from our laboratory showed a large infiltrate of neutrophils in the site of infection in a mouse strain resistant to L. (L.) amazonensis (C3H/HePas). In contrast, the susceptible strain (BALB/c) displayed a ...

conclusions the comprehensive analysis of a protein with important roles has never been easy, and in case of e2 envelope glycoprotein of hgv, there is no much data on its molecular and immunological features, clinical significance and its pathogenic potential in hepatitis or any other gbv-c related diseases. so, results of the present study may explain some structural, physiological and immunol...

results the tt virus infection was significantly found in 40 of 95 (42.1%) and 12 of 100 (12%) patients with leukemia and controls, respectively. the hbs-ag and hcv-ab were detected in 27 of 95 (28.4%) and 18 of 69 (26.1%) patients with leukemia but were not found in the controls. active cmv infection was also found in 11 of 69 (16%) patients and none of the controls. significant co-infection o...

conclusions prevalence of hiv/hcv coinfection is considerably low in turkey. the extremely rare prevalence of idu might have a role in this low prevalence. background rate of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) varies in different countries. this may be attributable to common transmission routes as well as social, economic, and cultural factors. objec...

the burden of exposure to blood-borne pathogens (such as hepatitis b and c viruses) is considerable for health care workers. hepatitis virus transmission requires a non-immune host, an infectious source, and skin or mucous membrane injury. these three aspects are the main fields for preventional interventions. we reviewed major recent studies on this topic to identify precautions health care wo...

transfusion-transmissible infections such as hepatitis b and hepatitis c are among the greatest threats to blood safety for transfusion recipients and pose a serious public health problem. the aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis b and c in kazakhstani donor's blood over the period 2000-2011.the data were obtained from the annual reports of the republican blo...

conclusions history of drug addiction and/or blood transfusion and longer duration of hd treatment were the main risk factors determining the prevalence of hcv infection in the hormozgan province of southern iran in 2015. however, the values observed in the present investigation reflect the effective management techniques imposed by healthcare authorities and relevant organizations in recent ye...

conclusions hiv/hcv co-infection is an important medical problem in north-eastern poland. a history of incarceration and younger age at hiv diagnosis were additional to idu risk factors for hcv seropositivity in this cohort. patients and methods adult hiv-1 infected patients, with at least one antihcv result, treated in one of polish hiv/aids reference centers, participated in this cross-sectio...