background and aims: influenza a virus infects birds and some mammalian including human. h1 and h3 subtypes are circulated in both human and birds’ population. to determine the prevalence of the mentioned subtypes in birds, different captive bird species in tehran zoo, and affiliated centers in tehran were investigated for virus infection. methods: in this study, between november 2008 and febru...

background and aims: influenza vaccination is one of the best way to prevent and control influenza worldwide. it is manufactured by who-licensed companies based on the who expertise committee annually. the aim of this study was partial quality control of the commercial human influenza vaccine 2008-9 and its matching with the circulating strains. materials and methods: the trivalent imported vac...

a dot immunobinding assay ( dia) was used for a quantitative and qualitative assay of rubella antibody. purified antigen and conjugated anti-human immunoglobulin (rahlg) were prepared. nitrocellulose paper dotted with the antigen was added to serially diluted sera or blood samples. the reacting antibodies were visualized by a peroxidase system. development of a colored insoluble substrate was t...

A new diluent (ADGP) for the rubella virus hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests is described. It was found that the HA and HI titers and the erythrocyte agglutination pattern were improved in ADGP compared to previously described diluents. The influence of the components of ADGP and of various test conditions on optimal HA and HI results were examined.

We have shown that bacterial contamination of sera can have a marked influence on the results of the rubella hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. In addition to increasing the levels of nonspecific agglutinins, a number of common bacterial species tested had a significant effect on the HI titers. When sera free from rubella-specific antibodies were contaminated with Bacillus subtilis or Pseud...

to prepare hemagglutination inhibition (hi) antigen the egg drop syndrome virus (edsv) was propagated in 10-day-old embryonated duck eggs. the virus antigen was inactivated with two methods including heating (65°c) and adding 0.5% formaldehyde by considering low destroying effect on hemagglutination (ha) and hi titers. the edsv hi titers of 310 sera and 100 yolks obtained from 23 chicken farms ...

an indirect enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for screening of antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). antigen was prepared from whole-purified ibv massachusetts serotype (br 801 strain). optimum dilution with minimum background for antigen concentration, rabbit anti-chicken conjugate and sera in developed elisa was determined 0.1μg/ml, 1:3000 and 1:100, respe...

A simple hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for the serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis has been developed and evaluated. A total of 84 human and 120 mouse serum samples were tested by the newly developed HI test and compared with an immunoglobulin G-indirect fluorescent antibody test. Statistical analysis of serum titers obtained by using the HI test and the immunoglobulin G-indirect flu...

To prepare hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antigen the egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV) was propagated in 10-day-old embryonated duck eggs. The virus antigen was inactivated with two methods including heating (65°C) and adding 0.5% formaldehyde by considering low destroying effect on hemagglutination (HA) and HI titers. The EDSV HI titers of 310 sera and 100 yolks obtained from 23 chicken farms ...

An indirect enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for screening of antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Antigen was prepared from whole-purified IBV Massachusetts serotype (BR 801 strain). Optimum dilution with minimum background for antigen concentration, rabbit anti-chicken conjugate and sera in developed ELISA was determined 0.1μg/ml, 1:3000 and 1:100, respe...