Background and Aims: Gold nanoparticles have potential applications in the areas of medicine, target drug delivery, cancer diagnosis and therapy, electronic, etc. Recently, biological system is considered as an environmental friendly method for synthesis of stable nanoparticles. Methods: We demonstrated a biological system for formation of stable gold nanoparticle by using Cupriavidus necator w...

Bilateral and multilateral development cooperation agencies are to an increasing extent promoting and adopting a sector-wide approach (SWAp) in their development cooperation. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), for example, joined their first sector-wide approach cooperation in the late 90s, and today they are involved in SWAps in countries in Africa, Asia and Latin...

In Greece gold searchers and lost treasures, are very common because there are too many gold deposits, too many lost gold coins, from the World War II, and generally too many lost treasures dating from the Byzantine period, the Ottoman Empire as well as treasures regarding pirates, Venetians etc. Gold searchers, despite the strenuous efforts they make to detect some of the lost treasures, very ...

Evidence suggests that in Iwaija, a non-Pama-Nyungan language of northern Australia, the Intonation Phrase (IP) is an integrated entity, one which is typical of a cursus language (Pulgram,1970) like French, in which words in connected speech give up some of the properties they exhibit in isolation. A salient feature of the prosody of this language is syllabification across content word boundari...

The majority of gold(I) catalysts employed in organic transformations in homogeneous systems are presently generated in situ by reactions of gold halides AuX or their 1 : 1 complexes [(L)AuX] with silver salts AgY (X = Cl, Br; L = R3P, NHC, tht etc.; Y = BF4, PF6, SbF6, OSO2CF3, OC(O)CF3 etc.). This usage of silver salts is not only economically unfavorable, but also has several practical disad...

Gold nanoparticles are the subject of intense studies due to the exceptional photo-optical properties combined with the biocompatibility and has proved to be a powerful tool in various nanomedicinal applications. This book chapter discusses the recent advances and current challenges facing the biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes. This chapter summarizes the...

The demand and growth for published research in the field of multiple sclerosis (MS) has increased exponentially over the last few years. The primary aim of the Multiple Sclerosis Journal (MSJ) has always been to reflect the excellent work of the ever-expanding and diverse clinical and research field of MS, and this role will now be shared by MSJ’s companion journal MSJ Experimental, Translatio...

In this article we present an approach for tackling three important aspects of text normalization: sentence boundary disambiguation, disambiguation of capitalized words in positions where capitalization is expected, and identification of abbreviations. As opposed to the two dominant techniques of computing statistics or writing specialized grammars, our document-centered approach works by consi...