intracranial gliosis has no typical clinical signals or imaging characteristics. therefore, it can be easily misdiagnosed as neoplasm. hereby, we report a unique case of gliosis that grew outward from the surface of the brain. mri depicted its signal and enhancement pattern similar to the cerebral gray matter. the diagnosis was confirmed by pathology and immunohistochemistry. although it was di...

a common pathological process that occurred after brain injury is gliosis. gliosis involves the activation of glial cells to proliferate and become hypertrophic to occupy the injured brain areas. in order to form a defense system against the invasion of micro-organisms and cytotoxins into surrounding tissue, glial cells including astrocytes and microglia undergo reactive response to injury. neu...

PURPOSE The focus of this study was to determine whether bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) trigger reactive gliosis in retinal astrocytes and/or Müller glial cells. METHODS Retinal astrocytes and the Müller glial cell line MIO-M1 were treated with vehicle, BMP7, or BMP4. Samples from the treated cells were analyzed for changes in gliosis markers using reverse transcriptase - quantitative PCR...

Reactive gliosis is a hallmark of many retinal neurodegenerative conditions, including glaucoma. Although a majority of studies to date have concentrated on reactive gliosis in the optic nerve head, very few studies have been initiated to investigate the role of reactive gliosis in the retina. We have previously shown that reactive glial cells synthesize elevated levels of proteases, and these ...

Mechanical or anoxic/ischemic brain insult results in reactive gliosis and a pronounced wave of apoptotic secondary degeneration (WSD). Reactive glia express aromatase (estrogen synthase) and glial estrogen synthesis decreases apoptosis and the volume of degeneration. Whether aromatization by glia affects gliosis itself or the initiation/maintenance of the WSD remains unknown. Adult male zebra ...

The author explains the clinical presentation, etiology, differential diagnosis, and diagnostic workup of progressive subcortical gliosis, a chromosome-17-linked dementia with unique pathologic features. Microscopically, the major pathologic change is a marked fibrillary astrocytosis, particularly in the area of the short cortical association tracts at the junction of cortical lamina VI and the...

Cervical glial polyps or gliosis of uterine cervix are rare. These are rare polypoidal mesenchymal tumours and usually manifest with vaginal bleeding, post-coital bleeding or cervical discharge. Microscopically these polyps show heterotopic glial tissue with varying degree of gliosis. Immunoperoxidase staining with Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) confirms the glial nature of the polyp. C...