Abstract Many systems have been developed for creating syntactically annotated corpora. However, they mainly focus on interface usability and hardly pay attention to knowledge sharing among annotators in the task. In order to incorporate the functionality of knowledge sharing, we emphasized the importance of normalizing the annotation process. As a first step toward knowledge sharing, this pape...

We introduce a specific transport and transmission scheme for video-on-demand (VoD) called constant-rate transmission and transport (CRTT). CRTT establishes a constant bit-rate (CBR) virtual channel between the video provider and the viewer’s set-top box (STB) and then transmits cells from the provider into this channel at a constant rate. Since we assume that the number of cells in a frame is ...

Not much is known about event apprehension, the earliest stage of information processing in elicited language production studies, using pictorial stimuli. A reason for our lack of knowledge on this process is that apprehension happens very rapidly (<350 ms after stimulus onset, Griffin & Bock 2000), making it difficult to measure the process directly. To broaden our understanding of apprehensio...

The generators and the unique closed pattern of an equivalence class of itemsets share a common set of transactions. The generators are the minimal ones among the equivalent itemsets, while the closed pattern is the maximum one. As a generator is usually smaller than the closed pattern in cardinality, by the Minimum Description Length Principle, the generator is preferable to the closed pattern...