abstract   background: far lateral discal herniation is an uncommon disorder and is difficult to assess by physical examination alone. this study is designed to define clinical and epidemiological findings and to establish the indications of surgical and medical treatment for flldh.   methods: between 2000 and 2005, a total of 2035 patients with lumbar disc herniation underwent surgical discect...

The authors present 2 cases of far-lateral lumbar disc herniations treated surgically via an extreme-lateral transpsoas approach. The procedure was performed using the MaXcess minimally invasive retractor system to access and successfully remove the disc fragments without complication. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first reported cases of using a minimally invasive retroperitoneal ap...

OBJECTIVE To prospectively assess the diagnostic and clinical value of a new technique (3-tesla magnetic resonance myelography, 3T MRM) as compared to computed tomographic discography (disco-CT) in patients with far lateral disc herniation. METHODS We evaluated 3T MRM and disco-CT of 25 patients, whom we suspected of suffering from far lateral disc herniation. Using an assessment scale, 4 obs...

  Abstract   Background: Far lateral discal herniation is an uncommon disorder and is difficult   to assess by physical examination alone. This study is designed to define clinical and   epidemiological findings and to establish the indications of surgical and medical treatment for FLLDH.   Methods: Between 2000 and 2005, a total of 2035 patients with lumbar disc herniation   underwent surgical...

The extent of the slice thickness in spinal axial and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is limited. We therefore, propose the idea of using coronal MRI to better delineate lumbar far lateral disc herniations. Six patients with coronal MR images who underwent surgery are presented in this study. Simple 2D vertebral column X-ray and MRI scans were used to diagnose the far lateral herniate...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to analyze clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of the far lateral and the paramedian disc herniations. METHODS The 88 patients who underwent an operation for lumbar disc herniations were reviewed. Visual analogue scale of leg and back pain, occurrence of sensory dysesthesia and motor deficit before and after operations were used to compare the...

Lumbar disc herniation arises when the annulus fibrosus of the vertebral disc fails, thus allowing displacement of the nucleus pulposus and other tissue. The term far lateral is used variably in the literature and usually refers to an extraforaminal displacement in the peridiscal zone peripheral to the sagittal plane of the most lateral part of the pedicle at the same level. Non-surgical treatm...