background: statins, widely used cholesterol-lowering agents, have also been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and immunomdulatory effects. objective: to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin in combination with interferon-β in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (ms) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. methods: multiple sclerosis patients were randomized independently, in a double b...

ramadan fasting predispose multiple sclerosis (ms) patients to a great challenge. clinicians should have practical knowledge about the effects of fasting on ms. a mini-symposium was held in 2013 to answer the common questions about fasting in ms patients. in current review we present a summary of the mentioned mini-symposium.generally, fasting is possible for most stable ms patients. thorough m...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is the most common disabling neurological disease. hand dysfunction is one of the main complaints of patients with ms. the present study aimed to compare hand dexterity of ms patients with low expanded disability status scale (edss) scores and healthy adults. it also sought to identify the predictors of disability status of patients with ms based on their man...

  Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common disabling neurological disease. Hand dysfunction is one of the main complaints of patients with MS. The present study aimed to compare hand dexterity of MS patients with low Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores and healthy adults. It also sought to identify the predictors of disability status of patients with MS based on their m...

BACKGROUND Patient-Reported Expanded Disability Status Scale (PREDSS) tools are an attractive alternative to the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) during long term or geographically challenging studies, or in pressured clinical service environments. OBJECTIVES Because the studies reporting these tools have used different metrics to compare the PREDSS and EDSS, we undertook an individual...

It is commonly recognized that proinflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may increasingly cause inflammation. In this regard, the current study was aimed to shed light on the effectiveness of eight-week Pilates training program at interleukin-18 (IL-18) stage, severity of fatigue and balance as well as physical disability in females with MS. This study was a quasi-exper...

BACKGROUND Progression in disability as measured by increase in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is commonly used as outcome variable in clinical trials concerning multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we addressed the question, whether there is a linear relationship between disability status and health related quality of life (HRQOL) in MS. METHODS 7305 MS patients were sent a q...

Results: The relapse number, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at initial diagnosis, and EDSS score at last visit were significantly higher in NMO patients with brain abnormalities than those in NMO patients without brain abnormalities, respectively. NMO patients with brainstem involvement had higher relapse number, EDSS score at initial diagnosis, and EDSS score at last visit than ...

Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and disabling disease of the nervous system. This study was conducted to determine the effect of isometric exercises on balance and ability in the patients with MS.  Methods: Sixty MS patients participated in this randomized controlled trial study and patients were randomly assigned into treatment and control groups. Treatment group partici...