Entering a new millennium seems a good time to challenge some old ideas about cancer cause and prevention, which in our view This paper has been adapted in part from L.

This article presents findings from two studies that describe news portrayals of cancer causes and prevention in local TV and test the effects of typical aspects of this coverage on cancer-related fatalism and overload. Study 1 analyzed the content of stories focused on cancer causes and prevention from an October 2002 national sample of local TV and newspaper cancer coverage (n = 122 televisio...

Australia experienced a large influx of European migrants during the period 1950-1975. The descriptive epidemiolÃ3gica! data on cancer rates within the major migrant groups, reviewed here, provide strong evidence of environmental and behavioral influences on the etiology of various cancers. The opportunity to extend the conventional type of data analysis, to include an examination of the effect...

Australia experienced a large influx of European migrants during the period 1950-1975. The descriptive epidemiological data on cancer rates within the major migrant groups, reviewed here, provide strong evidence of environmental and behavioral influences on the etiology of various cancers. The opportunity to extend the conventional type of data analysis, to include an examination of the effect ...

The complexity of breast cancer etiology has puzzled scientists for more than 300 years. In this brief review, we emphasize the importance of reproductive and hormonal factors in relation to the risk of breast cancer. By following the historical course of how various risk factors have been determined, this study attempts to illustrate the origin of hypotheses, their subsequent rejection, and de...

During the last decade, there has been increasing interest in the use of biomarkers in cancer epidemiology to enhance exposure assessment, to gain insight into disease mechanism, and to understand acquired or inherited susceptibility. To facilitate the use of biomarkers in health research, biomarkers have been divided into categories that depict the spectrum of cancer pathogenesis from exposure...

In November 1974, in response to a mandate in the revised National Cancer Act of 1974, a plan was introduced for the formation of a Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer Program. Dr. Frank J. Rauscher, Director of the National Cancer Institute, selected a group of scientists who defined the goals of the program and recommended the appointment of a program director and of an advisory committee. These reco...

Antibodies have been developed against a wide array of carcinogen-DNA adducts as well as UV-damaged or oxidized bases. Their sensitivity for the detection of DNA damage in humans has been demonstrated in numerous studies of occupational, dietary, environmental, clinical, and lifestyle exposures. Unlike the postlabeling assay that can detect multiple hydrophobic carcinogen adducts in a single ex...

Primary prevention aimed at avoiding or drastically reducing exposures will be the most efficient way to prevent environmentally associated cancers.

BACKGROUND Cancer clusters garner considerable public and legislative attention, and there is often an expectation that cluster investigations in a community will reveal a causal link to an environmental exposure. At a 1989 national conference on disease clusters, it was reported that cluster studies conducted in the 1970s and 1980s rarely, if ever, produced important findings. We seek to answe...