the dual nature of human existence, and having both physical and spiritual affairs have been accepted by religious scholars and divine philosophers . most philosophers, especially muslim  philosophers, despite the disagreement on  the way of soul creation have agreed about the soul creation itself and lack of its precedence over body .at least we can prove this idea with two arguments from ebne...

muslim philosophers have since their long history encountered lots of severe surges of doubts and oppositions, so they did their best to remove them all through deep investigation which brought about the progress of islamic philosophy both in quantity and quality. muslim philosophers were sometimes challenged by such questions as, determinism, the temporal creation of the world, the otherness o...

problem of evil is something which is considered against existence of god or his attributes like being omnipotent and absolutely good. philosophers and theologians have tried to solve this problem by different ways. the solution which is accepted by muslim philosophers is the nothingness of evils. according to this opinion evils are not except nothing of essence or perfections of essence. in th...

most of the theologians and muslim philosophers, at least in accordance with tradition and narrative, believe in bodily resurrection as a necessary faith; but they have different conceptualizations of the “body of resurrection” such as: elemental body, heavenly body, intermediary body and imaginary body. the presentation of these conceptualizations will help us to find guidelines for more accur...

There are two dominant approaches towards understanding medieval Muslim philosophy: (1) Greek ancestry approach and (2) religiopolitical context approach. In the approach, philosophy is interpreted in terms of its relation to classical philosophy, particularly Plato Aristotle. The however, views a thorough religious political situation that time as key proper philosophy. Notwithstanding immense...

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