antifibrotic therapies should preferentially be targeted to the activated hepatic mesenchymal cells. those cells resemble wound healing myofibroblasts and synthesize an excess of extracellular matrix (ecm) proteins. they derive from quiescent hepatic stellate cells (hsc) and portal/perivascular (myo-) fibroblasts (mf). whereas various agents have been shown to inhibit hsc/mf proliferation and c...

background depression and sleep disorders are more prevalent among rotational shift workers than regular day workers. people with sleep disorders have higher inflammatory and pre-inflammatory cytokines than those in the control group. objectives the present study was conducted to investigate serum level of high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hscrp), interleukin-6 (il-6) and cortisol among depr...

background: cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in many regions of iran, including the city of mashhad. in recent years, some cases have not responded to glucantime, the usual treatment for this disease. the cellular immune response caused by t-helper type 1 (th1) cells has an important role in protection against leishmaniasis, and activation of the t-helper type 2 (th2) response caus...

background there is a strong relationship between physical inactivity and low-grade inflammation and its adverse health outcomes, particularly cardiovascular disease. the level of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines may be changed by exercise. objectives the aim of the present study was to determine the response of certain inflammatory biomarkers to exercise with differences in max...

chronic idiopathic urticaria is defined as recurrent hives occurring for at least 6 weeks. in  the  majority of  cases, there  is no  identifiable underlying etiology despite  extensive evaluation. a subset of these patients is classified as having autoimmune urticaria defined by the presence of a functional igg antibody to the α subunit of the high-affinity ige receptor (fceria) or to ige. the...

autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that characterized by abnormal bilateral social interaction, deficiency in verbal and nonverbal communication, restricted interests and repetitive behaviors .autism caused by the inappropriate immune response which released several cytokines. one of the most important and main causes of autism is a defect in, the formation of the neuronal synaptic ...

a central role for t cells and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriasis has been proposed; however, there are controversies over the details of this issue. the goal of this study is to summarise currently available data on the importance of t cells in psoriasis pathogenesis. a  systematic  review  of  the  english  medical  literature  was  conducted  by  searching pubmed, embase, isi w...

background: preeclampsia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and is also a leading cause of preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. several studies have reported abnormal levels of cytokines in women with preeclampsia. objectives: to detect serum levels of various cytokines in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy. methods: thirty pa...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is a global health concern that typically causes emotional disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. it elicits a complex secondary injury response, with neuroinflammation as a crucial central component. secondary pathologies following tbi may be associated with chronic neurodegenerative disorders and an enhanced likelihood of developing dementia-like disease in later...