Adaptive heuristics refer to simple behavioral rules that are directed toward payoff improvement but may be less than fully rational. The number and variety of such rules is virtually unlimited; here we shall survey several prominent examples drawn from psychology, computer science, statistics, and game theory. Of particular interest are the informational inputs required by different learning h...

We define the fractional powers Ls=(−aij(x)∂ij)s, 0<s<1, of nondivergence form elliptic operators L=−aij(x)∂ij in bounded domains Ω⊂Rn, under minimal regularity assumptions on coefficients aij(x) and boundary ∂Ω. show that these appear several applications such as Monge–Ampère equations, elasticity, finance. The solution u to nonlocal Poisson problem{(−aij(x)∂ij)su=finΩu=0on∂Ω is characterized ...

Latar belakang. Artritis idiopatik juvenil (AIJ) sistemik merupakan penyakit inflamasi yang tidak hanya melibatkan sendi tetapi juga keterlibatan dan tipe terberat dari AIJ. Tatalaksana standar diberikan sering memberikan respons klinis optimal sehingga meningkatkan morbiditas mortalitas. Pemberian agen biologis seperti tocilizumab atau anakinra pilihan untuk tatalaksana AIJ sistemik. Tujuan. M...

We numerically study the superconductor-insulator phase transition in a model disordered two-dimensional 2D superconductor as a function of applied magnetic field. The calculation involves quantum Monte Carlo calculations of the 2+1 D XY model in the presence of both disorder and magnetic field. The XY coupling is assumed to have the form −J cos i− j −Aij , where Aij has a mean of zero and a st...

landscape metrics quantifies structural features of the landscape. one of the advantages of these metrics is a possibility to use them in fast cumulative assessment of the development activities in the environment. in this paper, the cumulative effects of road network expansion on the tree cover of gorgan, kordkuy, aliabad townships in golestan province were investigated. to prepare the require...

We consider the free non-commutative analogue Φ, introduced by D. Voiculescu, of the concept of Fisher information for random variables. We determine the minimal possible value of Φ(a, a), if a is a non-commutative random variable subject to the constraint that the distribution of aa is prescribed. More generally, we obtain the minimal possible value of Φ( {aij , aij}1≤i,j≤d ), if {aij}1≤i,j≤d ...

The first Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Berlin established a pilot phase of so-called Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ). This pilot phase started in 1995 and was to end in 1999. It was prolonged at the fourth Conference of the Parties in Buenos Aires (1998) for a yet undetermined period after 2000. This paper is an empirical study o...

We prove the results stated in the main paper. We start by providing a brief summary of the notations used in the paper. Set [p] = {1, . . . , p} and for a subset J ⊂ [p], let |J | be its cardinality. Bold upper (resp. lower) case letters denote matrices (resp. vectors), and the same letter not bold represents its coefficients, e.g. aj denotes the jth entry of a. For an n × p matrix A with colu...

We give upper and lower bounds on the largest singular value of a matrix using analogues to walks in graphs. For nonnegative matrices these bounds are asymptotically tight. In particular, the following result improves a bound due to Schur. If A = (aij) is an m× n complex matrix, its largest singular value satisfies σ (A) ≤ max i∈[m] ∑ j∈[n] |aij| cj ≤ max aij 6=0 ricj, where ri = ∑ k∈[n] |aik| ...