We investigate the problem of base station (BS) ONOFF switching, user association, and power control in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) with massive MIMO, aiming to turn off under-utilized BS’s and maximize the system energy efficiency. With a mixed integer programming problem formulation, we first develop a centralized scheme to derive the near optimal BS ON-OFF switching, which is an iterati...

This paper present a type-2 fuzzy logic system can be applied to a mobile robot which is a project associates with using eight ultrasonic sensors as distance sensors. The inputs are obtained from ultrasonic sensors mounted. These inputs are sent to a microchip PIC 16F84 microcontroller onboard the robot, which analysis the data and provides the necessary control signal. The behavior based contr...

This document describes several aspects relating to the design of dc-dc converters operating at frequencies in the VHF range (30-300 MHz). Design considerations are treated in the context of a dc-dc converter operating at a switching frequency of 100 MHz. Gate drive, rectifier and control designs are explored in detail, and experimental measurements of the complete converter are presented that ...

This paper examines the effect of baseline wander on systems employing digital pulse interval modulation (DPIM). Computer simulation results are presented, and comparisons are made with onoff keying (OOK) and pulse position modulation (PPM). It is shown that, since the power spectral density of DPIM does not go to zero at DC, DPIM is more susceptible to the effects of baseline wander than PPM, ...

Abstract. We propose a setup capable of generating Fock states of a single mode radiation field. The scheme is based on coupling the signal field to a ring cavity through cross-Kerr phase modulation, and on conditional ONOFF photodetection at the output cavity mode. The same setup allows to prepare selected superpositions of Fock states and entangled two-mode states. Remarkably, the detector’s ...

The performance of Free Space Optical (FSO) systems reduces due to the presence of turbulence and misalignment effects. In this paper, we investigate the error control coding schemes as a candidate solution to mitigate turbulence and misalignment induced fadings over free space optical links. we have investigated for first time the error performance for coded onoff keying (OOK) optical wireless...

This paper illustrates the challenges imposed by the atmospheric channel on the design of a terrestrial laser communication link. The power loss due to scattering effect is described using the Kim/Kruse scattering model while the effect and the penalty imposed by atmospheric turbulence is highlighted by considering the bit error rate (BER) of an OnOff Keying modulated link in an optical Poisson...

We introduce RF nanoreceivers based on carbon nanotube (CNT) antennas. CNT-based nanoreceivers have been shown to operate in tens to hundreds of MHz range both in theory and practice. We show that a low cost combination of these receivers lead to linear increase in achieved data rate via ONOFF Keying (OOK). Due to extremely small scale of the CNTs, many hundreds of thousands of these receivers ...

The Optical communication network offers very high potential bandwidth and flexibility In terms of high bit-rate transmission. However, their performance slows down due to some parameter like dispersion, attenuation, scattering and unsynchronized bit pattern. A chromatic dispersion compensator plays an essential role in the optical fiber communications system in order to recover the degraded tr...

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Mari Ijäs Name of the doctoral dissertation Chemically modified and nanostructured graphene Publisher School of Science Unit Department of Applied Physics Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 126/2013 Field of research Theoretical and Computational Physics Manuscript submitted 12 June 2013 Date of ...