bifid cardiac apex is a rare anomaly of human hearts. we report of the case of a 34-year-old man with a previous history of ventricular septal defect (vsd) and subvalvular pulmonary stenosis. he had undergone pulmonary commissurotomy and vsd closure 22 years before he was referred to our center for evaluation of progressive dyspnea. transthoracic echocardiography revealed atrial septal defect (...

background: echocardiographic evaluations of the longitudinal axis of the left ventricular (lv) function have been used in the diagnosis and assessment of heart failure with normal ejection fraction (hfnef). the evaluation of the global and segmental peak systolic longitudinal strains (pslss) by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (ste) may correlate with conventional echocardiogr...

background : the signal-averaged electrocardiography is a noninvasive method to evaluate the presence of the potentials generated by tissues activated later than their usual timing in the cardiac cycle. the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between the filtered qrs duration obtained via the signal-averaged electrocardiography and left ventricular dimensions and volumes an...

background: conventional doppler measurements, including mitral inflow and pulmonary venous flow, are used to estimate left ventricular end diastolic pressure (lvedp). however, these parameters have limitations in predicting lvedp among patients with mitral regurgitation. this study sought to establish whether the correlation between measurements derived from tissue doppler echocardiography and...

The calculated systolic, diastolic and mean pulmonary artery pressure, the ratio of sizes right left ventricles heart, eccentricity index ventricle, systolic excursion fibrous ring tricuspid valve, movement myocardium at level valve area atrium are main echocardiographic indicators for assessing idiopathic similar forms hypertension according to current Russian, Eurasian European guidelines in ...

background and objective: congenital heart disease (chd) is the most form of cardiovascular disease in children. chd have different presentations, from defects that progress asymptomatically to those with significant symptoms and high mortality. this study was performed to highlight the importance of signs and symptoms to diagnosis of chd neonates. materials & methods: this descriptive an...

introduction: hearing impairment is the most frequent sensorial congenital defect in newborns and has increased to 2–4 cases per 1,000 live births. sensory-neural hearing loss (snhl) accounts for more than 90% of all hearing loss. this disorder is associated with other congenital disorders such as renal, skeletal, ocular, and cardiac disorders. given that congenital heart diseases are life-thre...

echocardiography is considered the primary diagnostic tool for congenital heart diseases. the pediatric echocardiography diagnostic errors, consisting of false positive or discrepant diagnoses, picked up within a 2.5-year period in our pediatric echocardiography laboratory are presented herein. in this case report, the factors contributing to the diagnostic errors are categorized as cognitive s...

cor triatriatum is defined as a membrane within the left atrium, which might lead to restricted pulmonary venous return. diagnosis is usually achieved by echocardiography in early infancy. therapy of choice is the excision of the membrane. herein, successful correction of cor triatriatum in a 4-year-old girl is presented, and the clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and the surgical t...