b a c k g r o u n d & aim: the excess hazard rate proposed by andersen and vaeth may underestimate the long-term excess hazard rate for cancer survival. zahl explained the phenomenon by continuous selection of the most robust individuals after diagnosis. he applied correlated inverse gaussian and gamma  frailty  models  to estimate  excess  intensity  and reached  a better  estimate  of the rat...

Three correlated frailty models are used to analyze bivariate timeto-event data by assuming gamma, log-normal and compound Poisson distributed frailty. All approaches allow to deal with right censored lifetime data and account for heterogeneity as well as for a non-susceptible (cure) fraction in the study population. In the gamma and compound Poisson model traditional ML estimation methods are ...

Shared frailty models are often used to model heterogeneity in survival analysis. There are certain assumptions about the baseline distribution and distribution of frailty. In this paper, we consider compound Poisson distribution as frailty distribution and three different baseline distributions namely, Weibull, generalized exponential and exponential power distribution. With these three baseli...

Using a 2-level hierarchical frailty model, we analyzed population-wide data on testicular germ-cell tumor (TGCT) status in 1,135,320 two-generational Norwegian families to examine the risk of TGCT in family members of patients. Follow-up extended from 1954 (cases) or 1960 (unaffected persons) to 2008. The first-level frailty variable was compound Poisson-distributed. The underlying Poisson par...

Promotion time models have been recently adapted to the context of infectious diseases to take into account discrete and multiple exposures. However, Poisson distribution of the number of pathogens transmitted at each exposure was a very strong assumption and did not allow for inter-individual heterogeneity. Bernoulli, the negative binomial, and the compound Poisson distributions were proposed ...

The incidence of testicular cancer is highest among young men, and then decreases sharply with age. This points towards a frailty effect, where some men have a much greater risk of testicular cancer than the majority of the male population. Those with the highest risk get cancer, drain the group of individuals at risk, and leave a healthy male population which has approximately zero risk of tes...

The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) varies widely according to age at diagnosis, geographic location, and ethnic background. On a global scale, NPC incidence is common among specific populations primarily living in southern and eastern Asia and northern Africa, but in most areas, including almost all western countries, it remains a relatively uncommon malignancy. Specific to these l...