Let G be the first Grigorchuk group. We show that the commutator width of G is 2: every element g ∈ [G, G] is a product of two commutators, and also of six conjugates of a. Furthermore, we show that every finitely generated subgroup H ≤ G has finite commutator width, which however can be arbitrarily large, and that G contains a subgroup of infinite commutator width. The proofs were assisted by ...

It is shown that there exists a finitely generated infinite simple group of infinite commutator width, and that the commutator width of a finitely generated infinite boundedly simple group can be arbitrarily large. Besides, such groups can be constructed with decidable word and conjugacy problems.

It is shown that there exists a finitely generated infinite simple group of infinite commutator width and infinite square width in which every conjugation-invariant norm is stably bounded, and in particular stable commutator length vanishes. Moreover, a recursive presentation of such a group with decidable word and conjugacy problems is constructed.

Commutator errors arise in large-eddy simulation of incompressible turbulent flow from the application of non-uniform filters to the continuity – and Navier– Stokes equations. For non-uniform, high order filters with bounded moments the magnitude of the commutator errors is shown to be of the same order as that of the turbulent stress fluxes. Consequently, one cannot reduce the size of the comm...

Abstract. Non-uniform filtering of the Navier-Stokes equations expresses itself, next to the turbulent stresses, in additional closure terms known as commutator errors. These terms require explicit subgrid modeling if the non-uniformity of the filter is sufficiently pronounced. We derive expressions for the magnitude of the mean flux, the turbulent stress flux and the commutator error for indiv...

in the 1960's noboru iwahori and hideya matsumoto, eiichi abe and kazuo suzuki, and michael stein discovered that chevalley groups $g=g(phi,r)$ over a semilocal ring admit remarkable gauss decomposition $g=tuu^-u$, where $t=t(phi,r)$ is a split maximal torus, whereas $u=u(phi,r)$ and $u^-=u^-(phi,r)$ are unipotent radicals of two opposite borel subgroups $b=b(phi,r)$ and $b^-=b^-(phi,r)$ contai...