Twenty years ago, Nancy Cartwright wrote a perceptive essay in which she clearly distinguished causal relations from associations, introduced philosophers to Simpson’s paradox, articulated the difficulties for reductive probabilistic analyses of causation that flow from these observations, and connected causal relations with strategies of action (Cartwright 1979). Five years later, without appr...

X iv :a st ro -p h/ 04 09 00 4v 1 3 1 A ug 2 00 4 A substantial amount of hidden magnetic energy in the quiet Sun J. Trujillo Bueno, N. Shchukina & A. Asensio Ramos ∗ Instituto de Astrof́ısica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. + Main Astronomical Observatory, National Academy of Sciences, Zabolotnogo 27, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine † Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient́ıficas, E-2800...

The use of Herbert Clark’s work as a theoretical framework in the Computer Supported Collaborative Work domain is often dismissed or judged as “cooked” and led to a large body of controversy. This article intends to reconsider his contribution and re-examined the criticisms he received. The main critics addressed to Clark are that his notion of Common Ground is far too mentalist and lacks “situ...

Rivers shape continental surfaces; they erode continental reliefs, transport erosion products and finally deposit them in plains. As a consequence, understanding physics of sediment transport is of fundamental importance in earth sciences. However, sediment transport occurs at the dynamical interface between fluid and granular mechanics, which makes its full understanding challenging. Over the ...