Taurine chloramine is the major chloramine generated in activated neutrophils via the reaction between the overproduced hypochlorous acid and the stored taurine. Taurine chloramine has anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects in inflamed tissues by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators. Taurine chloramine increases heme oxygenase activity and also protects against hydrogen per...

 Review the detection methods for organic chloramine described in the literature  Evaluate the formation of organic chloramine from reactions between extracellular polymer substances (EPS), a component of biofilms, and disinfectants (free chlorine or monochloramine)  Evaluate the formation of organic chloramine by reaction between heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria (as planktonic bacte...

Chloramine (which occurs widely as a by-product of sanitary chlorination of water supplies) is shown to be a weak mutagen, when reversion of trpC to trpC in Bacillus subtilis is used as an assay. Some DNA-repair mutants appear to be more sensitive to chloramine, suggesting the involvement of DNA targets in bactericide. The influence of plating media on survival of cells treated with chloramine ...

Oxidative stress, biochemical and enzymological biomarkers were compared among rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), brown trout, Salmo trutta (L.), and grayling, Thymallus thymallus (L.) to determine the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity caused by chloramine-T bath treatment. The fish were exposed to chloramine-T at a concentration of 9 g m for 20 min three times daily every three days. The...

OBJECTIVES Chloramine T is a known sensitising agent in the occupational environment of health care workers. In cases of occupational hazards induced by this agent, a clinical history may be far from conclusive, hence appropriate provocation tests are absolutely essential. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of the nasal challenge test in diagnostics of respiratory allergy to ch...

INTRODUCTION Sodium-N-chlorine-p-toluene sulfonamide, commonly known as chloramine-T, is a derivative of chlorine which is widely used as a disinfectant. For many years, chloramine-T has been described as a cause of immediate-type hypersensitivity, especially with regard to asthma and rhinitis, and as a cause of occupational dermatoses in cleaning personnel in hospitals, although no anaphylacti...

Objectives: (State the relevant objectives of the project; 75 words or less.) This study was designed to contribute to a better understanding of the fate of chloramines in distribution systems. The project objectives were to: 1) characterize the influence of water quality parameters on chloramine decomposition rates; 2) evaluate and compare chloramine decomposition rates in distributions system...

Arthur, J. and J. Eaton (1971). "CHLORAMINE TOXICITY TO THE AMPHIPOD GAMMARUS PSEUDOLIMNAEUS AND THE FATHEAD MINNOW(PIMEPHALES PROMELAS)." amphipods (gammarus pseudolimnaeus) were subjected to 96 hr and 15 week exposures, and fathead minnows (pimephales promelas) to a 21 week exposure of various chloramine concentrations under continuous flow conditions. The most marked sublethal effects were r...

The model hydrogen peroxide-myeloperoxidase-chloride system is capable of generating the powerful oxidant hypochlorous acid, which can be quantitated by trapping the generated species with the beta-amino acid, taurine. The resultant stable product, taurine chloramine, can be quantitated by its ability to oxidize the sulfhydryl compound, 5-thio-2-nitro-benzoic acid to the disulfide, 5,5'-dithiob...

Tuning the ratio of complementary biocidal groups in a composite unit is proved to be tactic better minimize their weaknesses realize higher synergism. A silane with precursors one pyridinium and two N-chloramine sites, 6-(pyridin-4-yl)-3-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4-dione, was synthesized, hydrolyzed dehydrocondensed into silicone modifier on cotton cellulose. Specially, is...