carcinogenesis is a multistep process characterized by the gradual accumulation of genetic changes that ultimately lead to cancer. these genetic mutations can impart limitless replicative potential to the cancer cells making them immortal. telomeres are repeat nucleotide sequence ttaggg that are present at the end of chromosomes. its functions are to protect the chromosomal ends and to ensure t...

background: radon and its short-lived decay products are considered as the important sources of public exposure to natural radioactivity. the synergistic interaction between tobacco smoking and radon is known to be an actual problem. this study has provided a mathematical description and prognosis of the carcinogenic effects after combined action of radon with smoking. materials and methods: a ...

Areas polluted by heavy metals in soil may pose a major risk to human health and ecological environment safety. In this study, 89 samples were collected from four potato producing areas (Libo, Chishui, Panxian Weining) Guizhou Province, China, the concentrations of 9 analyzed measured. The aims study was evaluate pollution index some potato-producing Province using geoaccumulation method, load ...

epidemiological data suggest that arsenic ultimately results in cancer in different parts of the body. several synthetic therapeutic agents manifest inadequate potency with severe side effects against arsenic toxicity. the flesh of b. bengalensis , has long been used as an ethno-medicine in case of arthritis, blood-impurities, impaired immune system, conjunctivitis and liver anomalies. this pot...

Microbes have long been linked to cancer: from studies on Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and lymphoma Helicobacter pylori gastric cancer. Although single infectious agents were initially associated with carcinogenesis, technological advances broadened our knowledge of microbial communities that may impact namely, the trillions microorganisms live in symbiosis humans. Commensal microbes (microbiota) c...

Tryptophan metabolism, via the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway, and microbial transformation of tryptophan to indolic compounds are fundamental for host health; both which altered in colon carcinogenesis. Alterations metabolism begin early carcinogenesis as an adaptive mechanism tumor escape immune surveillance metastasize. The community is a key part microenvironment influences cancer initiation, pro...

hedgehog signalling pathway has not only a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue polarity at embryonic period but also has a vital role in stem cell proliferation, tissue healing and carcinogenesis. recent research has increased our understanding of this pathway and its relation to other signalling pathways. in addition, a large number of studies confirmed the alterati...