in last decade, with the entry of spirituality in organizational and managementresearch, spirituality leadership, also, has attracted a considerable amount of attention.in this study, with a developmental approach and after using experts' opinions andliterature for identifying leaders' spiritual traits and behaviors, we aim to model themusing adaptive neural-fuzzy inference systems. e...

Th e past two decades have seen a proliferation of largeand small-scale experiments in participatory governance. Th is article takes stock of claims about the potential of citizen participation to advance three values of democratic governance: eff ectiveness, legitimacy, and social justice. Increasing constraints on the public sector in many societies, combined with increasing demand for indivi...

INTRODUCTION: This paper investigates the determinants of citizen participation in community affairs and the role of citizen participation in the effectiveness of local government in decentralized systems of government. We have formulated two specific research questions: (1) What determines citizen participation? (2) Does citizen participation affect actual performance of local governments? For...

Background: The main nature of corporate citizen behaviors includes the idea that corporate citizen behaviors are beneficial behaviors that are critical to improving organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between ethical leadership and individual and organizational corporate citizenship behaviors, with the moderating role of self-efficacy, respect ...

The career path for many professionals is often into a leadership role, yet many professionals do not have the competencies or inclination to lead. This study explores physician leaders as a representative group of professionals. While there have been many efforts at understanding the characteristics of effective physician leaders, a greater understanding is needed on the nature of physician le...

Citizen Participation in Urban Policy by Charles E. Hillman Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning on May 9, 1974 in partial fufillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science. Citizen participation has always been a hallowed concept in our form of liberal democracy. It not only legitimizes the political process but is also a strong force for citizen educati...

Since leadership plays a vital role in democratic movements, understanding the nature of democratic leadership is essential. However, the definition of democratic leadership is unclear (Gastil, 1994). Also, little research has defined democratic leadership in the context of democratic movements. The leadership literature has paid no attention to democratic leadership in such movements, focusing...

background and objectives: the healthcare organization are often fail to realize their strategic goals due to the lack of effective leadership. to address this efficiency, factors can possibly influence the management performance should be identified. thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate hospital managers’ leadership style and explore the relationship between leadership style in hosp...