background: patients undergone mechanical ventilation need rapid and reliable evaluation of their respiratory status. monitoring of end-tidal carbon dioxide (etco2) as a surrogate, noninvasive measurement of arterial carbon dioxide (paco2) is one of the methods used for this purpose in intubated patients. objectives: the aim of the present trial was to study the relationship between end-tidal c...

conclusions in samples stored in plastic syringes, overestimation of pao2 levels should be noted if samples cooled before analysis. in samples stored in plastic syringes, it is not necessary to store samples in iced water when analysis delayed up to one hour. results pao2 of the samples stored at 0°c was increased significantly after 60 minutes (p = 0.007). the paco2 of the samples kept for 30 ...

background  : on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery impairs gas exchange in the early postoperative period. the main object on this study was evaluation of changes in arterial blood gas values in patients underwent on pump cabg surgery receiving different dose of intravenous nitroglycerin (ntg). methods : sixty-seven consecutive patients undergoing elective on-pump cabg randomly e...

introduction: the administration of crystalloid fluids is considered as the first line treatment in management of trauma patients. infusion of intravenous fluids leads to various changes in hemodynamic, metabolic and coagulation profiles of these patients. the present study attempted to survey some of these changes in patients with mild severity trauma following normal saline infusion. methods:...

background: extubation is associated with the risk of complications such as accumulated secretion above the endotracheal tube cuff, eventual atelectasia following a reduction in pulmonary volumes because of a lack of physiological positive end expiratory pressure, and intra-tracheal suction. in order to reduce these complications, and, based on basic physiological principles, a new practical ex...

results fifty-seven patients were enrolled; 35 patients (62.5 %) were male. the mean of etco2 and paco2 of patients were 41.49 ± 9.80 and 64.74 ± 9.76, respectively. the mean of paco2 was significantly more than the means of etco2 in patients with copd. the association between arterial bicarbonate and etco2 was weak and not significant (p = 0.136 and r = 0.04). conclusions capnography can be us...

background: substitution of arterial with venous blood samples to estimate blood gas status is highly preferable due to practical and safety concerns. numerous studies support the substitution of arterial by venous blood samples, reporting strong correlations between arterial and venous values. this study further investigated the predictive ability of venous blood samples for arterial acid-base...

With increasing use of arterial blood gas analysis in various ward and other hospital settings to aid medical diagnosis and management, nurses who can interpret results are often able to initiate earlier interventions and understand the reasons for medical interventions. This article enables nurses to interpret such results.