the question of who is and who is not a bilingual is more difficult to answer than it first appears. bilingualism was long regarded as the equal mastery of two languages, a definition that still prevails in certain glossaries of linguistics. however, today's complex world requires a more exact definition and analysis of the competencies that community members require to interact with speakers o...

The question of who is and who is not a bilingual is more difficult to answer than it first appears. Bilingualism was long regarded as the equal mastery of two languages, a definition that still prevails in certain glossaries of linguistics. However, today's complex world requires a more exact definition and analysis of the competencies that community members require to interact with speakers o...

Conflict is the most intriguing aspect of contact linguistics. Throughout history ever since the Tower of Babel was left unfinished, contacts between speakers of different languages have unavoidably resulted in conflicts between speakers of those languages. Without any doubt, the European Union (EU)--above all after the decision to enlarge the community--has accepted the multidisciplinary symbo...

This article examines how monolingual and multilingual portrayals are constructed displayed by users of the social media platform Instagram. It is based on a corpus 100 posts, which were labelled with hashtags #monolingualism or #monolingual. The data processed corpus-analysis software AntConc, quantified, thematically analyzed. results indicate that posts selected contained information related...

Senegal is a West African country that highly diverse and multilingual on societal individual level. Multilingualism used in most interactions of peoples� everyday lives translanguaging fashion. Yet, beside some small efforts, the only official language institutional sector education remains French. However, educational systems policies do not reflect reality people they are created for since m...

There has been prejudice and bias towards other races since hundreds of years ago. Even though stereotypical racial decreased or controlled consciously accompanied with education global equality, a new form differentiation - implicit evolved attached to our unconscious behaviors. The IAT test the AMP are typically used for detecting subtle attitudes opinions. In this case, survey adapted from i...

Abstract Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors exhibit cognitive deficits. Research suggests that multilingualism can influence neurocognitive performance. We examined the effects of TBI and bilingualism/monolingualism on a test attention speed (i.e., Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SDMT). Method The sample consisted 55 healthy comparison (27 Spanish-English bilinguals; 28 English-mono...

Biculturalism (having two cultures) is a growing social phenomenon that has received considerable attention in psychology in the last decade; however, the issue of what impact (if any) biculturalism has on individuals’ adjustment remains empirically unclear. To answer this question, we conducted a meta-analysis that included 83 studies, 322 rs, and 23,197 participants. Results based on the rand...