precise recogni tion of concept of nasb and character istics of that perver ted ideological current as well as pres entation of an exact, fair definition of it is of great import ance, especially when on e considers that shiite jurists have treated that current as infidelity. th e present essay analy zes and juristically criticizes differ ent opinions on the conc ept of nasb ranging from akhbar...

there are hadiths whose understanding and accepting would become possible not merely through observing principles of communication and not for everybody, but rather for specific addresses who are endowed with specific degree of knowledge. such hadiths, which are narrated in shiite collections of hadiths in a variety of forms and by various chains of transmission, are entitled “difficult and com...

Euthanasia is one of the controversial topics in current medical ethics. Among the six well-known types of euthanasia, passive voluntary euthanasia (PVE) seems to be more plausible in comparison with other types, from the moral point of view. According to the Kantian framework, ethical features come from 'reason'. Maxims are formulated as categorical imperative which has three different version...

In his seminal book on the historical periods of Western attitudes toward death, Philippe Aries describes four consecutive periods through which these attitudes evolved and transformed. According to him, the historical attitudes of Western cultures have passed through four major parts described above: "Tamed Death," One's Own Death," "Thy Death," and "Forbidden Death." This paper, after explori...

the examination of the method of authenticating the hadith dates back to the history of hadith itself. authenticating the hadith was common among shiites in different periods of time. content criticism of the texts, attributed to shiite imams, was the criterion for authenticating the hadith in the time of imams and previous shiite scholars. in this research, the factors of authentication approa...

the islamic period of the iranian history suggests that the development of the shiite art is an outcome of a continuous interaction and struggle between the political systems dominated in iran and the shiite beliefs system. historically, the situation of the shiite, as a resistance movement, has gradually changed to an established religion with its own theology. in other words, when the shiite ...

adaption of metaphor and allusion has been always considered as the most valuable literary representations and seved as an appropriate device for benchmarking versification potential in poets. as one of shiite poets, seyed hemyari who has devoted his verse for defense from al-ul-bayt (pbut) has benefitted successfully from rhetoric images in this field. despite of its simplicity and plainness i...