Base-level fall in river beds occurs due to varying natural or unnatural causes. Base-level fall causes the change in the behavior of flow at the location of drop in base-level. In such situations, most of scour occur at the foot of the slope, and slope wall retreats in the upstream direction. This phenomenon widens the wall of the river bank, thus leading to its destruction. The amount of bed ...

Abstract A threshold drainage area limits fluvial transmission of base-level fall and may be expressed in the form a waterfall or series waterfalls, defined here as knickzone. Knickzones on west coast Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i (USA), exhibit evidence area. Eighteen (18) 25 knickzones our study are located at tributary junction, have <1.5 km2, been stationary for least 1.5 m.y. The other seven &amp...

In this paper, the semileptonic decays of heavy mesons are treated fully relativis-tically. By means of an effective vertex, the effect of Fermi momentum are included both at the inclusive and at the exclusive levels, and the spin of both parent and daughter particles are taken into account. The differential decay rates with respect to the lepton energy and momentum transfer are compared with d...

Recent dual process models proposed that the strength of competing intuitions determines reasoning performance. A key challenge at this point is to search for boundary conditions; identify cases in which the strength of different intuitions will be weaker/stronger. Therefore, we ran two studies with the two-response paradigm in which people are asked to give two answers to a given reasoning pro...

[1] Data on channel geometry in naturally incising bedrock rivers reveal variable relationships between channel width, slope, and erosion rate. To explain the range of relationships between these parameters, we propose an optimized channel geometry model. The model reproduces previous theoretical and numerical modeling scaling relationships; however, to explain the field data, the model must in...