Man’s individual responsibility is a very central notion in Muslim theology. Rational foundations for moral responsibility presuppose, however, that man has in some way control over his actions. It was therefore of central concern to theologians to formulate theories of action that were coherent enough to account for human selfdetermination. This article examines al-Bāqillānī’s reflections on h...

the oldest works of muslim scholars in the fields of kalām , ḥadīth and tafsīr during the 2nd and 3rd centuries ah rarely offer an explicit basis for regarding the qur’ān as an inimitable miracle of the prophet. however, the issue appears fully fledged in the works of scholars such as al-bāqillānī, qāḍī ‘abd al-jabbār and al-sharīf al- murtaḍā. this silence in the early islamic centuries, when ...