in order to decrease the risks associated with the management of urban watersheds, the use of proper methods is an essential task to estimate the runoff with a high degree of confidence. time of concentration is one of factors that impacts on peak discharge and runoff volume. the objective of this study is to select the best method among the empirical formulas for estimating the time of concent...

With regard to the importance of instantaneous peak discharge estimation for watershed management study, and due to the lack of and unqualified climatic and hydrologic data for estimation and measurement in countries such as Iran, researchers were obliged to establish a link between constant parameters (geomorphologic) and variables (hydrologic) to present models with minimum dependence on clim...

with regard to the importance of instantaneous peak discharge estimation for watershed management study, and due to the lack of and unqualified climatic and hydrologic data for estimation and measurement in countries such as iran, researchers were obliged to establish a link between constant parameters (geomorphologic) and variables (hydrologic) to present models with minimum dependence on clim...

Groundwater contributes to the delivery of phreatic water crop aeration zones via evapotranspiration, which is important for growth in drought-prone regions. Most studies on groundwater contribution have not considered influence stage or daily evapotranspiration. In this study, a neural network based genetic algorithm and Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation algorithm, as well formula methods an...

erosion and sediment movement phenomena are one of the most complex issues in management of rivers drainage areas that in water projects are very important. that its measurement wants high time and cost. issue of surface runoff in river basin is a complex issue that human knowledge and understanding about its physical laws a viewpoint of some mathematical formulas is limited. in this study to i...

the quality of wastewater generated in any process industry is generally indicated by performance indices namely bod, cod and toc, expressed in mg/l. the use of toc as an analytica parameter has become more common in recent years especially for the treatment of industrial wastewater. in this study, several empirical relationships were established between bod and cod with toc using regression an...

Introduction: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an important medical imaging modality that has been useful to the study of microstructural changes in neurological diseases. However, the image noise level is a major practical limitation, in which one simple solution could be the average signal from a sequential acquisition. Nevertheless, this approach is time-consuming and is not often applied i...

In this cephalometric investigation, we compared the long-term effects of an initial phase of rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME/FM) therapy followed by comprehensive edgewise therapy with the effects of growth in untreated, matched controls. The treated sample consisted of 34 patients who underwent RME/FM treatment before the pubertal growth spurt (average age, 8 years 3 months at the...

INTRODUCTION Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a common technique to improve the dental and skeletal transverse width in cases of constricted maxillary arches. Although retention after RME has been widely examined, there is still no clear statement about the minimal retention time in postpubertal patients and many practitioners have retention concepts varying between three and six months. ME...