Cap rocks are dams which can prevent the upward movement of hydrocarbons. They have disparities and weaknesses including discontinuities, crushed areas, and faults. Gas injection is an effective mechanism for oil recovery and pore pressure. With increasing pore pressure, normal stress is reduced, and the integrity of impermeable boundaries (cap rock, fault, etc.) becomes instable. A successful ...

vartun geothermal region (vgr) is located in west central part of iran, 300 km in the southeast of tehran. vgr area is 277 km2and there are some geothermal surface manifestations such as warm springs and travertine deposits. there are three warm springs which their temperature varies from 35.3 to 43.1 °c. their ph is a little bit acidic and is about 6.1-6.2. based on geothermometery studies var...

in this paper, fourteen mt stations along a profile perpendicular to the main geological structure were used in order to identify the geology of sabalan geothermal field including the extension of the surface cap-rock and clay-cap layers. the mt data collected between 1-8192 hz is of useful quality and provides good control on the surface layers in many areas. it means that reliable modeling sh...

A central loop Transient Electromagnetic TEM Resistivity Survey was conducted at the Geysir high temperature geothermal area as part the project of the author. The area is situated 110 km away from Reykjavik and lies in a shallow valley elongated north-south. Geologically it is surrounded by three volcanic domes made-up of rhyolites, hyloclastites and inter-glacial basaltic lava that obtain hea...

The gabbro-garnet granulite-eclogite transformation may play a significant role in driving the motions of terrestrial lithospheric plates. Whether or not this transformation is in fact important as a driving mechanism for plate tectonics depends on the relationship of the reaction time to geologic time. Solid state diffusion under completely dry conditions is investigated as a possible model fo...

CO2 Storage in Saline Aquifers — Saline aquifers represent a promising way for CO2 sequestration. Storage capacities of saline aquifers are very important around the world. The Sleipner site in the North Sea is currently the single case world-wide of CO2 storage in a saline aquifer. A general review is given on the specific risks for CO2 storage in saline aquifer. The regional distribution of C...

productivity of an oil well is an important parameter in any oil field development. low production rate of the wells, impose more production wells drilling which directly jeopardizes the economical feasibility of the project. oil production rate in some of the wells is very low due to low permeability of the reservoir rock. several practice like hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing is very ...

(Tropical inselbergs: habitat types, adaptive strategies and diversity patterns). Inselbergs are isolated rock outcrops that rise abruptly above the surrounding plains. Granitic and gneissic inselbergs are geologically and geomorphologically old and occur throughout a broad spectrum of climatic zones. They form microclimatically and edaphically dry growth sites that support a highly specialized...