Background: Observing ethical principles and paying attention to human status based on Islamic teachings had a profound impact on the lifestyle and architecture of traditional Iranian buildings. Therefore, the meaningful relationship between architecture and ethics always provides for the spiritual needs of man, so as to achieve equilibrium in the architectural space. Accordingly, Islamic teach...

Background & Aims: The advantages of physical activities have recently been suggested in preventing such chronic diseases as osteoarthritis. However, the effects severe physical activity may have on the musculoskeletal system of athletes are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare knee pain, existing symptoms, physical functions in daily activities, sports and recreation, and th...

chivalry mores and etiquettes have never been limited to a specific time, place, or tradition, but the topic of discussion in this research holds some symbols of chivalry mores in iranian architecture in islamic period. chivalry principles, in islamic period, are based on the pure nature of manliness and its origin and orientation goes back to imams and prophets. by obeying and adherence to the...