The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of the zipper-like structure (ZLS), a podosome-related structure that transiently appears at the cell contact zone, in osteoclast fusion. Live-cell imaging of osteoclasts derived from RAW264.7 cells transfected with EGFP-actin revealed consistent symmetrical retrograde actin flow in the ZLS, but not in the podosome cluster, the podosome ring or th...

Zero-lag synchronization (ZLS) between chaotic units, which do not have self-feedback or a relay unit connecting them, is experimentally demonstrated for two mutually coupled chaotic semiconductor lasers. The mechanism is based on two mutual coupling delay times with certain allowed integer ratios, whereas for a single mutual delay time ZLS cannot be achieved. This mechanism is also found numer...

Objective In this study, marginal and internal misfit and fracture load with and without thermal-mechanical aging (TMA) of monolithic ZLS and lithium disilicate (LDS) crowns were evaluated. Material and methods Crowns were milled using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system. Marginal gaps (MGs), absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), axial gaps, and occlusal gaps were measu...

Zimmermann-Laband syndrome in a patient with severe mental retardation: The Zimmermann-Laband syndrome (ZLS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by gingival hyperplasia or fibromatosis, various skeletal anomalies including dysplasia of the distal phalanges of thumbs and halluces, vertebral defects, and hepatosplenomegaly. Thus far, 23 cases, including 11 patients from 2 families...

The chairside fabrication of a monolithic partial crown using a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramic is described. The fully digitized model-free workflow in a dental practice is possible due to the use of a powder-free intraoral scanner and the computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) of the restorations. The innovative ZLS material offers a singular combin...

Modern human technological culture depends on social learning. A widespread assumption for chimpanzee tool-use cultures is that they, too, are dependent on social learning. However, we provide evidence to suggest that individual learning, rather than social learning, is the driver behind determining the form of these behaviours within and across individuals. Low-fidelity social learning instead...

This study extensively compares two statistical models for the analysis of binary data from longitudinal studies. The first model was proposed by Zeger, Liang, and Self, which was abbreviated as ZLS model and another model was proposed by Origasa. The comparison focuses on both analytical and statistical view-points. The first discusses a type of the models and the second evaluates the effect f...

This case report describes the fabrication of monolithic all-ceramic restorations using zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) ceramics. The use of powder-free intraoral scanner, generative fabrication technology of the working model, and CAD/CAM of the restorations in the dental laboratory allows a completely digitized workflow. The newly introduced ZLS ceramics offer a unique combination ...

The mechanical behaviour of pre-crystallized and crystallized zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics (ZLS) using micro-indentation techniques is reported. Vickers micro-indentations were conducted on these materials at the load 0.245 N–9.8 N 4.9 to determine effect hardness fracture toughness, respectively. increased with by 78.2% (ANOVA, p < 0.05) 163% ZLS, respectively, indicatin...

Transfer RNA (tRNA) 3' processing endoribonuclease (tRNase Z) is an enzyme responsible for the removal of a 3' trailer from pre-tRNA. There exists two types of tRNase Z: one is a short form (tRNase ZS) that consists of 300-400 amino acids, and the other is a long form (tRNase ZL) that contains 800-900 amino acids. Here we investigated whether the short and long forms have different preferences ...