Hybrid sol-gel-derived xerogel films prepared from 45/55 (mol ratio) n-propyltrimethoxysilane (C3-TMOS)/tetramethylorthosilane (TMOS), 2/98 (mol ratio) bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-ethylenediamine (enTMOS)/tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS), 50/50 (mol ratio) n-octyltriethoxysilane (C8-TEOS)/TMOS, and 50/50 (mol ratio) 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (TFP-TMOS)/TMOS were found to inhibit sett...

Mixtures of n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane (C18, 1-5 mole-%), n-octyltriethoxysilane (C8) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) gave xerogel surfaces of varying topography. The 1:49:50 C18/C8/TEOS xerogel formed 100-400-nm-wide, 2-7-nm deep pores by AFM while coatings with ≥3% C18 were free of such features. Segregation of the coating into alkane-rich and alkane-deficient regions in the 1:49:50 C18/C8/TEOS...

While H2O2 is a powerful oxidant, decomposing into environmentally benign H2O and O2, a catalyst is often required for reactions with H2O2 to proceed at synthetically useful rates. Organotellurium and organoselenium compounds catalyze the oxidation of halide salts to hypohalous acids using H2O2. When sequestered into xerogel monoliths, the xerogel-chalcogenide combinations have demonstrated inc...

An optical multi-sensor system based on the excited-state lifetime of luminophore doped xerogels is described. The system is based on the novel concept of combining addressable surface-mount light-emitting diode (SM-LED) arrays with doped xerogel thin films; each SM-LED in the array is coated with a different xerogel-based sensor element. Each sensor element exhibits a unique response profile t...

Four-component xerogel films consisting of 1 mole-% n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane (C18) and 50 mole-% tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in combination with 1-24 mole-% tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyltriethoxysilane (TDF) and 25-48 mole-% n-octyltriethoxysilane (C8) and a 1:49:50 mole-% C18/TDF/TEOS were prepared. Settlement of barnacle cyprids and removal of juvenile barnacles, settlement of zoospor...

A proton conducting metallogel [FNPA; ferric nitrate (FN)-phytic acid (PA)] is synthesized by immobilizing a protogenic ligand (phytic acid) using iron(iii) nitrate in DMF. The xerogel shows high proton conductivity of 2.4 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 120 °C, the best value known among all metal organic materials (MOMs). Marking the first such attempt in MOMs, an electrode made using the xerogel showed a p...

Nickel oxide thin films have been widely studied as an optical active layer in electrochromic devices. It is well known for these films that thermal treatment is the key factor which determines the electrochromic effect during potential cycling. Therefore, it is extremely important to perform thermal analysis on the thin films rather than on the corresponding xerogels. In this article, the ther...

Platinum catalysts supported on carbon xerogel and carbon black (Vulcan) were synthesized with the aim of investigating the influence of the characteristics of the support on the electrochemical performance of the catalysts. Three synthesis methods were compared: an impregnation method with two different reducing agents, sodium borohydride and formic acid, and a microemulsion method, in order t...

A long-standing issue regarding the local and long-range structure of V(2)O(5)*nH(2)O xerogel has been successfully addressed. The full three-dimensional structure of the lamellar turbostratic V(2)O(5)*nH(2)O xerogel was determined by the atomic pair distribution function technique. We show that on the atomic scale the slabs of the xerogel can be described well as almost perfect pairs (i.e., bi...

classical xerogels are robust, inexpensive and nontoxic materials with low-ordered nanoporous structures. in water streams where the ph is higher than the point of zero charge, the surface of classical xerogels such as tetraethoxy orthosilan (teos) xerogel is negatively charged. it was assumed that a xerogel can work as a strong adsorbent for metal ions without further modification. therefore, ...