for the characteristics of horizontal fractures in shallow low-permeability oil layers after hydraulic fracturing in multilayer reservoirs, horizontal fractures are taken equivalent to an elliptical cylinder with the reservoir thickness using the equivalent permeability model; then, upon the elliptic seepage theory, the seepage field which has led by a vertical well with horizontal fractures is...

Pengrowth has targeted East Bodo (Alberta side) and Cosine (Saskatchewan side) for waterflood optimization and subsequent enhanced oil recovery applications. Currently, the most practical EOR technology for this heavy oil reservoir seems to be the polymer flood technology in combination with horizontal wells. Several investigators(1-4) have demonstrated the potential of the polymer flood techno...

The complex physics of multiphase flow in porous media are usually modeled at the field scale using Darcy-type formulations. The key descriptors of such models are the relative permeabilities to each of the flowing phases. It is well known that, whenever the fluid saturations undergo a cyclic process, relative permeabilities display hysteresis effects. In this paper, we investigate hysteresis i...

Optimizing water injection rate distribution in waterflooding operations is a vital reservoir management aspect since capacities may be constrained due to geographic location and facility limitations. Traditionally, numerical grid-based simulation used for waterflood performance evaluation prediction. However, the approach can time-consuming expensive with vast amount of wells data mature field...

Capacitance–resistance models (CRMs) are semi-analytical methods to estimate the production rate of either an individual producer or a group producers based on historical observed and injection rates using material balance signal correlations between injectors producers. Waterflood performance applied evaluate waterflooding effect forecast development index basis Buckley–Leverett displacement t...