Anthrax is a zoonotic illness recognized since antiquity. Today, human anthrax has been all but eradicated from the industrialized world, with the vast majority of practitioners in the United States unlikely to have seen a case. Unfortunately, the disease remains endemic in many areas of the world, and anthrax poses a threat as a mass casualty-producing weapon if used in a biological warfare ca...

Iraq has used chemical warfare agents in recent Iran-Iraq conflict ( 1980-88) . There are few studies regarding late complications of chemical warfare and there is no report concerning late cutaneous complications. The present study is concerned with the late clinical manifestation of cutaneous complications in chemical warfare casualties in comparison to non – chemical injured soldiers. Upon t...

ccurate simulation of cyber warfare can prepare decision-makers for its challenges. With cyber warfare, it is possible to control an adversaries’ information, target the portions of cyber space used for situational awareness and decision-making, lead the adversary to make desired decisions, and strike directly at the opposition’s mind. A cyber attack diminishes individual and group situational ...

The hypothesis that population pressure causes increased warfare has been recently criticized on the empirical grounds. Both studies focusing on specific historical societies and analyses of cross-cultural data fail to find positive correlation between population density and incidence of warfare. In this paper we argue that such negative results do not falsify the population-warfare hypothesis....

In the absence of explicit punitive sanctions, why do individuals voluntarily participate in intergroup warfare when doing so incurs a mortality risk? Here we consider the motivation of individuals for participating in warfare. We hypothesize that in addition to other considerations, individuals are incentivized by the possibility of rewards. We test a prediction of this "cultural rewards war-r...

he Warfare Analysis Laboratory Exercise (WALEX) process is a methodology that has evolved over many years for conducting open seminar war games in the Warfare Analysis Laboratory. Developed to analyze problems in naval and Joint warfare, the WALEX process has proven to be a highly adaptive and flexible approach to addressing a variety of complex, collaborative efforts, especially Joint warfare....

The hypothesis that population pressure causes increased warfare has been recently criticized on the empirical grounds. Both studies focusing on specific historical societies and analyses of cross-cultural data fail to find positive correlation between population density and incidence of warfare. In this paper we argue that such negative results do not falsify the population-warfare hypothesis....