UNLABELLED The literature relevant to the treatment of Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD) is extensive and heterogeneous. METHODS A Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach was used to engage a chiropractic community of practice and stakeholders in a systematic review to address a general question: 'Does chiropractic management of WAD clients have an effect on improving health status?' A...

Satellite-based evapotranspiration and crop coefficient for irrigated sorghum in the Gezira scheme, Sudan M. A. Bashir, T. Hata, A. W. Abdelhadi, H. Tanakamaru, and A. Tada Dept. of Food Systems and Field Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657–8501, Japan Agricultural Research Corporation, PO Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe U...

PURPOSE To investigate the presence of subgroups in chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) based on pain thresholds for pressure (PPT), cold (CPT), and heat (HPT) and to compare these subgroups with respect to symptomatology, disability, and health aspects. METHODS Two groups of female subjects - patients with chronic WAD (n = 28) and healthy controls (CON; n = 29) - were investigated. Q...

This report is a compendium of papers on aspects of whiplash associated disorders (WAD). The aim of the report is to provide an overview of WAD from different perspectives: epidemiological, engineering, biomechanical, biopsychosocial, and treatment. Two recent studies on WAD in South Australia are also reported. The findings from studies published up until August 2005 are included in this repor...

Impaired neck muscle function leads to disability in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorder (WAD), but diagnostic tools are lacking. In this study, deformations and deformation rates were investigated in five dorsal neck muscles during 10 arm elevations by ultrasonography with speckle tracking analyses. Forty individuals with chronic WAD (28 women and 12 men, mean age = 37 y) and...

STUDY DESIGN Best evidence synthesis. OBJECTIVE To undertake a best evidence synthesis on the burden and determinants of whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) after traffic collisions. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Previous best evidence synthesis on WAD has noted a lack of evidence regarding incidence of and risk factors for WAD. Therefore there was a warrant of a reanalyze of this body of rese...

STUDY DESIGN Concealed allocation, multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of an educational video in the tertiary prevention of persistent WAD symptoms following rear-end motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) are an important and costly health problem. There is a lack of high...

BACKGROUND The cervical zygapophyseal joints may be a primary source of pain in up to 60% of individuals with chronic whiplash associated disorders (WAD) and may be a contributing factor for peripheral and centrally mediated pain (sensory hypersensitivity). Sensory hypersensitivity has been associated with a poor prognosis. The purpose of the study was to determine if there is a change in measu...

BACKGROUND Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) are common and costly, and are usually managed initially by general practitioners (GPs). How GPs manage WAD is largely unstudied, though there are clinical guidelines. Our aim was to ascertain the rate of management (percentage of encounters) of WAD among patients attending Australian general practice, and to review management of these problems, in...

BACKGROUND Individuals with chronic whiplash associated disorders (WAD) present persistent pain in the absence of structural pathology. In these people, altered central pain processing and central sensitization are observed. The role of personal factors, such as gender and age, on pain processing mechanisms in chronic WAD, however, is still unclear. OBJECTIVES This study investigated possible...