The viva examination is the culmination of the PhD process. However, it is important to prepare carefully for this final and important hurdle. In this paper, Barbara Jack looks at the different stages of the viva examination, which include undertaking a careful and systematic preparation. This preparation involves gaining a comprehensive awareness of the university procedure for the viva, resea...

VIVA is a software library that obtains low-resolution models of icosahedral viruses from projections observed at the electron microscope. VIVA works in a fully automatic way without any initial model. This feature eliminates the possibility of bias that could originate from the alignment of the projections to an external preliminary model. VIVA determines the viewing direction of the virus ima...

[Usaremos la app Golly, disponible para Android.] Cada casilla o célula puede estar viva o muerta. El estado de una célula en la siguiente generación depende de cuántas de las ocho células que la rodean (sus vecinas) están vivas o muertas. REGLAS: Siguiente generación Viva tiene _________ vecinas vivas continua viva tiene _________ vecinas vivas muere Muerta tiene _________ vecinas vivas revive...

The PhD viva has been described as mysterious (Burnham, 1994; Morley et al, 2002), unpredictable (Rugg and Petre, 2004) and potentially fearful for students (Delamont et al, 2004), with its form and duration a function of the predilections of individual examiners as well as a function of differences across disciplines. Despite its myriad manifestations the PhD viva voce (live voice), as oral ex...

Background Studies have criticized oral assessments for having poor validity and reliability. There is limited research on structured oral assessments that assess specific competencies. Aims To evaluate the validity of the oral assessment component of a postgraduate psychiatry examination. Methods A retrospective analysis of the examination scores of 154 candidates from 12 postgraduate psychiat...

BACKGROUND The traditional viva examination which is still predominantly used in most of the medical institutions as one of the assessment methods has some demerits like lack of standardization, objectivity & reliability. The process involves many faculty members from respective departments. Hence there can be variations in the time allotted to each student, number of questions asked, and diffi...

Level of cognitive learning in undergraduate medical students can be enhanced by a commensurate change in teaching/learning and assessment strategies. Medical institutions with integrated curriculum find it difficult to assess the integration of Basic Health Sciences knowledge. Generally, viva being one of the traditional tools of assessment, is not appropriately utilized for achieving the desi...