BACKGROUND Vertical HIV programs have achieved good results but may not be feasible or appropriate in many resource-limited settings. Médecins sans Frontières has treated HIV in vertical programs since 2000 and over time integrated HIV treatment into general health care services using simplified protocols. We analyzed the survival probability among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART...

In the last ten years we witnessed a rapid development of alternative logical systems, called non-monotonic logics (Baral & Gelfond 1994; Apt & Bol 1994; Minker 1993)--which allow new axioms to retract existing theorems, and result to be more adequate for common-sense reasoning and modeling dynamic knowledge bases. One of the outcomes of research in the field of non-monotonic logics is represen...

This paper describes vertical scaling as a method for linking a set of test forms of increasing difficulty, and explores the applicability of these methods for standards-based educational achievement tests under status-based and growth-based accountability priorities. The purpose of the paper is to inform state policy-makers and assessment and accountability specialists about vertical scaling m...

there is a substantial evidence that plyometric training significantly increases muscular strength and vertical jump. due to the vigorous nature of this type of training, however, there is a risk of incurring musculoskeletal injuries. therefore, conducting plyometric exercise programs in an aquatic environment might lead to significant improvements in vertical jump with possibly a lower risk of...

Since the early 1950s, the World Health Organization has proposed programs to promote primary health care around the world. From the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration to the current promulgation of the Millennium Development Goals, the World Health Organization has tried to improve health in developing countries through a focus on disease-oriented (vertical) programs. The World Health Organization and ...

CONTEXT Many anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention training programs have been published, but few have assessed the effects of training on both ACL injury rates and athletic performance tests. OBJECTIVE To determine if ACL injury prevention programs have a positive influence on both injury rates and athletic performance tests in female athletes. DATA SOURCES In August 2011, a s...

There is a substantial evidence that plyometric training significantly increases muscular strength and vertical jump. Due to the vigorous nature of this type of training, however, there is a risk of incurring musculoskeletal injuries. Therefore, conducting plyometric exercise programs in an aquatic environment might lead to significant improvements in vertical jump with possibly a lower risk of...