Background Varicocele (VCL) is characterized by a progressive disorder which is defined by tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus veins that exerts bilateral impacts. 50-60 percent of males with infertility problems are suffering from VCL. Considering VCL-induced massive problems in human fertilizing potential, investigating different aspects of VCL-induced derangements is gaining considerable at...

background:   objective: this study was conducted to determine the clinical patterns and major causes of infertility in mazandaran province in north of iran.   materials and methods: the medical records of 3734 consecutive couples attending two infertility clinics in mazandaran province, from 2003 to 2008, were reviewed. the couples had not had a viable birth after at least 1 year of unprotecte...