A master element to be employed as a general spatial rod finite element is presented. This spatially curved and pretwisted element can have variable cross-section and variable curvature change. It may also be resting on an elastic foundation. Also, a finite element formulation for a general earthquake analysis of spatial rods is presented. The theoretical foundation has lead to a general-purpos...

in this paper, free vibration of an Euler-Bernoulli beam with variable cross-section resting on elastic foundation and under axial tensile force is considered. Beam’s constant height and exponentially varying width yields variable cross-section. The problem is handled for three different boundary conditions: clamped-clamped, simply supported-simply supported and clamp-free beams. First, the equ...

In this study, the seismic interaction of surface foundations and underground cavities was investigated. For this purpose, a parametric study of geometric dimensions of the foundation and cavity, their location, and the effect of the interaction between surface foundations and underground cavities was evaluated. The variable parameters include the ratio of the overburden height to the foundatio...

Free vibration characteristics of continuous grading fiber orientation (CGFO) beams resting on variable Winkler and two-parameter elastic foundations have been studied. The beam is under different boundary conditions and assumed to have arbitrary variations of fiber orientation in the thickness direction. The governing differential equations for beam vibration are being solved using Generalized...

The aim of this study is the investigation of the large amplitude deflection of an Euler-Bernoulli beam subjected to an axial load on a viscoelastic foundation with the strong damping. In order to achieve this purpose, the beam nonlinear frequency has been calculated by homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and Hamilton Approach (HA) and it was compared by the exact solutions for the different bou...

People’s beliefs about what is morally right and wrong vary widely between individuals, contexts, and cultures; however it is thought that they are governed by core latent constructs. While there is evidence that these constructs are reflected in natural language, this requires further testing. We demonstrate that the structure of moral values in natural discourse can be modeled by applying fac...