Background & aim: Estrogen and androgen deficiency in menopause leads to poor vulvovaginal blood flow, vaginal dryness, and dyspareunia which can reduce the quality of life among the women. In this regard, this study investigated the impact of date palm pollen capsules on vaginal lubrication and dyspareunia in postmenopausal women. Methods: The present triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinica...

Abstract Introduction Vaginal dryness is a frequent complaint, especially in post-menopausal women. The physiology underlying the production of vaginal lubrication response to arousing stimuli established; however, no current pharmacological agents successfully target mechanisms within this physiology. Previous research from our lab has demonstrated that female methamphetamine (meth) users expe...

PURPOSE To determine the effects of lubrication of the vaginal speculum before insertion during a Papanicolaou test on perceived pain and quality of the cytology specimen. METHODS Four hundred eligible women participating in cervical cancer screening and an early detection program were randomized with respect to lubricant gel use before speculum insertion. Perceived pain during speculum inser...

A recent study in South Africa has confirmed, for the first time, that a vaginal gel formulation of the antiretroviral drug Tenofovir, when applied topically, significantly inhibits sexual HIV transmission to women [10]. However the gel for this drug, and anti-HIV microbicide gels in general, have not been designed using full understanding of how gel spreading and retention in the vagina govern...

Relevance to family physicians Vaginal speculum examination is routinely performed by most family physicians, most commonly to obtain a Pap smear or to test for sexually transmitted infections, mainly Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The most common reason cited by women for not having routine speculum examination is pain during the examination.1 Whether or not lubrication will ...

Vaginal lubrication during sex is usually a good indicator of arousal. Many women get very wet when aroused, while others have difficulties getting wet enough [2] for pleasurable intercourse. The volume of fluid can vary greatly from person to person, and can fluctuate for a woman throughout her menstrual cycle. Other factors that can affect vaginal secretions include diet, stress, medications,...

INTRODUCTION The decline in circulating estrogen levels in peri- and postmenopause has a wide range of physiological effects, including atrophy of tissues in the urogenital tract. Vaginal atrophy is an important contributor to postmenopausal sexual dysfunction. AIM To provide a framework for clinical evaluation and clinical management of sexual dysfunction secondary to vaginal atrophy. METH...

BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is highly prevalent among African women and has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV-1. GOAL The goal of this study was to analyze the relationship among intravaginal practices, bathing, and BV. STUDY DESIGN The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of HIV-1-seronegative Kenyan female sex workers with...

Vaginal reconstruction represents a very difficult challenge. Free jejunal flaps can be easily molded and adapted to solve complex cases restoring the width, length, and consistency of the "new" vagina without compromising the external genitalia and improving the lubrication while preserving sensation to clitoris.

Physiologic changes in a woman's life, such as childbirth, weight fluctuations, and hormonal changes due to aging and menopause, may alter the laxity of the vaginal canal, damage the pelvic floor, and devitalize the mucosal tone of the vaginal wall. These events often lead to the development of genitourinary conditions such as stress urinary incontinence; vaginal atrophy; dryness; and physiolog...