the effect of γ-al2o3 nanoparticles on heat transfer rate, baffle spacing and pressure drop in the shell side of small shell and tube heat exchangers was investigated numerically under turbulent regime. γ-al2o3-water nanofluids and pure water were used in the shell side and the tube side of heat exchangers, respectively. since the properties of γ-al2o3-water nanofluids were variable, they were ...

A user-defined function (UDF) is a powerful database feature that allows users to customize database functionality. Though useful, present UDFs have numerous limitations, including install-time specification of input and output schema and poor ability to parallelize execution. We present a new approach to implementing a UDF, which we call SQL/MapReduce (SQL/MR), that overcomes many of these lim...

Ladle bottom-blowing is one of the most important ways to remove inclusions in molten steel during making process. Many works have been reported optimize bottom blowing parameters by numerical simulations. However, it a challenge capture collision between and bubbles discrete time step, which may lead underestimation inclusion removal rate. In this work, program based on user-define-function (U...

noses by using the equivalent axisymmetric body (EAB) theory. This Code has been developed by researchers and the results of it have been validated by the various flight tests results. In the case of non-zero angle of attack or asymmetric surface ablation for each meriodinal plane, the equivalent meriodinal plane (EMP) is created for any meriodinal plane. The combinations of these planes consti...

Based on the biaxial experiment data of membrane material under hot and cold conditions, mechanical properties calculation model envelope was established with consideration effects varying stress ratios, magnitudes temperatures near-space airship material. Using heat source model, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, User-Defined Function (UDF), structural finite element analysis soft...

BACKGROUND Pregnant women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are susceptible to cardiovascular, obstetric, and offspring complications. In women with CHD, cardiac dysfunction may compromise uteroplacental flow and contribute to the increased incidence of obstetric and offspring events. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a prospective multicenter cohort study of pregnant women with CHD and heal...

OBJECTIVE Pregnancy in women with surgically corrected tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is associated with cardiac, obstetric and neonatal complications. We compared uteroplacental Doppler flow (UDF) measurements and pregnancy outcome in women with ToF and in healthy women and aimed to assess whether a relationship exists between cardiac function and UDF in women with ToF. METHODS We evaluated prosp...

Equipped with its Solver and-in and VBA, Microsoft Excel makes an ideal educational platform for design analyses of fluid-thermal systems. This paper illustrates this capability by considering a common type these systems; which is the double-pipe heat exchanger. While used optimisation analysis, VBA development user-defined function (UDF) that determines optimum standard-pipe size system.