in today’s world, one of the cities’ major challenges is the crisis of the built environment quality. as the urban design group discussed, urban management (local authorities) actors are kind of urban designers who unconsciously affect the quality of urban environment by their decisions. non-formal education and in-service training programs are effective methods to qualify staff for making deci...

admiration for environment in general needs to be profoundly rooted in an understanding of history. urban history is unique not only in the fact that it reflects climate but also in that it cuts across many different fields. in most schools of urban studies many aspects of science and technology are taught with relation to design in order to attain skills for practice. during a student’s later ...

urban design problems have become so complex that no single designer is able to consider all aspects of a design area simultaneously. lately the application of computerized and scientific methods have helped designers analyze complex problems. one of these new methods is space syntax. the purpose of this study is to first investigate the strengths and weaknesses of this method and then suggest ...

Urban residents are at risk of health-related illness during extreme heat events but the dangers are not equal in all parts of a city. Previous studies have found a relationship between physical characteristics of neighborhoods and the number of emergency medical response (EMR) calls. We used a human energy budget model to test the effects of landscape modifications that are designed to cool th...

admiration for environment in general needs to be profoundly rooted in an understanding of history. urban history is unique not only in the fact that it reflects climate but also in that it cuts across many different fields. in most schools of urban studies many aspects of science and technology are taught with relation to design in order to attain skills for practice. during a student’s later ...

there is widespread recognition today that we are living in a period of profound technological, social, economic and political change, and that this process of change is accelerating. yet, there is less certainty about the nature and meaning of these changes—whether they should be regulated or liberalized, supported or resisted— and the kind of world they are leading to. despite these uncertai...

Urban design problems have become so complex that no single designer is able to consider all aspects of a design area simultaneously. Lately the application of computerized and scientific methods have helped designers analyze complex problems. One of these new methods is Space Syntax. The purpose of this study is to first investigate the strengths and weaknesses of this method and then suggest ...