objective: in order to overcome the limitation of systemic administration of methylene blue, this study investigated the encapsulation of methylene blue in polymeric liposomes and drug release following sonication. methods: we encapsulated methylene blue into nanoliposomes. the dynamic light scattering (dls) method was used to measure the size distribution of the liposomes. after loading methyl...

Introduction: One of the combination therapies for the treatment of cancer is ultrasound with other agents, which has received considerable attention in recent years. Ultrasound causes cavitation phenomenon that can produce some effects, such as; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which results in damage to cancer cells. When a particle is in liquid, the cavitation threshold decrea...

In spite of wide spread investigations performed,the biological effects of ultrasound waves,specially on DNA molecule has not been fully understood.since any alteration in DNA molecule can lead to chromosome abnormality,the study of clastogenic effects of ultrasound is important.in this study,the effect of 1MHz frequency continuous waves with the power of 0.5,1 and 1.5 watts on G human lymphocy...

introduction: sonophoresis has been assessed as a novel approach to create skin permeability and drug delivery using low frequencies of ultrasound waves in the range of 20 khz to 3 mhz. in this study, a system including seven 40 khz piezoelectric transducers and an insulin chamber designed by the medical physics research center has been evaluated on hyperglycemic rabbits. materials and methods:...

background: hemodialysis is a process of removing waste and excess fluid from blood when kidneys cannot function efficiently. it often involves diverting blood to the filter of the dialysis machin to be cleared of toxic substances. fouling of pores in dialysis membrane caused by adhesion of plasma protein and other toxins will reduce the efficacy of the filtre. objective: in this study, the inf...

Background: The induction of bystander effect via ionizing radiation has been well proven. However, few studies have investigated the bystander effect following non-ionizing radiation, such as ultrasound waves. Here, the bystander effect after different sonication times on human melanoma cell line (A375), is evaluated by assessing cell viability and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: The cells w...