Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is a rare but lethal neoplasm with high metastasis and recurrence rate, and to date, no molecular classification of UCS has been defined to achieve targeted therapies. In this study, we identified two distinct molecular subtypes of UCS with distinct gene expression patterns and clinicopathologic characteristics. Subtype I UCS recapitulates low-grade UCS, in contrast...

Some people show slower extinction of UCS expectancies than other people. Little is known about what predicts such delayed extinction. Extinction requires that people deduce the logical implication of corrective experiences challenging the previously learned CS-UCS contingency. "A strong habitual tendency to confirm beliefs" may therefore be a powerful mechanism immunising against refutation of...

The major surface glycoprotein (MSG) of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii is a family of proteins encoded by a family of heterogeneous genes. Messenger RNAs encoding different MSGs each begin with the same 365-bp sequence, called the Upstream Conserved Sequence (UCS), which is in frame with the contiguous MSG sequence. The UCS contains several potential start sites for translation. To determi...

Pavlovian conditioning research has shown that unconditioned responses (UCR) to aversive unconditioned stimuli (UCS) are reduced when a UCS is predictable. This effect is known as UCR diminution. In the present study, we examined UCR diminution in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal by varying the rate at which a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) was paired with an aversive ...

The focus of this paper is to introduce a theory based on a wide-spreading model of Use Cases (UCs). The pervasive benefits of UCs in the computer systems and software’s developments have motivated the UCs formalization needing. Also, the definition of UCs through Use Case Description Markup Language (UCDML) is enabled the XML technology explotation in order to suggest the powerful ways for the...

This paper presents Fuzzy-UCS, a Michigan-style Learning Fuzzy-Classifier System designed for supervised learning tasks. FuzzyUCS combines the generalization capabilities of UCS with the good interpretability of fuzzy rules to evolve highly accurate and understandable rule sets. Fuzzy-UCS is tested on a large collection of real-world problems, and compared to UCS and three highly-used machine l...

Six-day-old rats received 20 forward pairings of an odor-conditioned stimulus (CS) with one of two unconditioned stimuli (UCS); 1) intra-oral milk infusions or 2) stroking with a sable-hair brush. These UCS's produce a common general response of increased behavioral activity, but different specific behaviors. For each UCS, additional pups received backward pairings of the CS and UCS, random pai...

The potency of an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) can impact the degree of fear learning. One of the most common and effective UCSs is an electric shock, which is inappropriate for certain populations (e.g., children). To address this need, a novel fear learning paradigm was recently developed that uses a fearful female face and scream as the UCS. The present study directly compared the efficacy o...

Pneumocystis carinii are coated by abundant surface proteins, named MSGs for major surface glycoproteins, that undergo antigenic variation. There are many MSG genes on the chromosomes but the MSG expression site is restricted to a unique site called type-I UCS, and silent MSG genes can be translocated to the expression site by DNA recombination. We have reported previously the existence of alte...