Previous generalizations of the fractional Fourier transform to two dimensions assumed separable kernels. We present a nonseparable definition for the two-dimensional fractional Fourier transform that includes the separable definition as a special case. Its digital and optical implementations are presented. The usefulness of the nonseparable transform is justified with an image-restoration exam...

Fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) performs a rotation of signals in the time—frequency plane, and it has many theories and applications in time-varying signal analysis. Because of the importance of fractional Fourier transform, the implementation of discrete fractional Fourier transform will be an important issue. Recently, a discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT) with discrete Hermite...

Recently several generalizations to higher dimension of the classical Fourier transform (FT) using Clifford geometric algebra have been introduced, including the two-dimensional (2D) Clifford Fourier transform (CFT). Based on the 2D CFT, we establish the two-dimensional Clifford windowed Fourier transform (CWFT). Using the spectral representation of the CFT, we derive several important properti...